THIS WEEK Many a fortune was mate recently by speculators during the Vancouver Stock Exchange boom. What where the reasons behind this spurt of mining activity? Just how rich is our Northland? And how should it be developed? Ben Swankey: answers these and other ques- tions. —PAGE 2 VOL. 26, NO. 49 FRIDAY, DECEMBER 10, 1965 THIS WEEK Land; copper and struggle, independence, aemo- cracy: these six terms make up the equation of contempor- ary Chile. So says Stanley Ryerson, leading Canadian Marxist scholar and author, in a penetrating article on this unique South American coun- try. Don’t miss it. poverty, —PAGES 6 AND 7 African states tell Wilson: Deal with Smith—or we will OAU DEMANDS ACTION BY DEC. 15 The Organization of African Unity — representing 36 African states - has demanded Prime Minister Wilson of Britain face up to his responsibilities and Outlaw nuclear arms, says Catholic Church In a sweeping document com- Menting on current world prob- lems, the ecumenical council of the Vatican has voted overwhelm- ingly to condemn nuclear war- fare despite frenzied American Manoeuvering, Final vote on the document (which incorporates the con- tested chapter on war and peace) was 2,111 in favor and only 251 against, Considering the pres- Sure brought to bear by U.S. Prelates at the council for a hegative vote, the result can Only be interpreted as a resound- ing vote for peace and a stinging blow to the United States, _ The U.S. prelates had hoped to muster a strong negative vote Which could then be used to Pressure Pope Paul VI into not Signing the document, Vatican Spokesmen, however, were Quoted as saying the Pope Promptly signed the document. Also. this week, the National Council of Churches in the U.S., representing 42 million Ameri- Cans of Protestant and Eastern Orthodox faiths, urged the U.S. POPE PAUL VI government to stop its bombing of North Vietnam and negotiate a settlement of the war. The council deplored unilateral U.S. actions in Vietnam as paint- ing an image ofa‘¢predominantly white nation using its over- whelming military strength to kill more and more Asians,”’ Left gains in France The people of France ralliedin the millions around the candi- date of a united Left in the Presidential elections last Sun- day, December 5; thus forcing a Yunoff vote on the 19th of this Month, Francois Mitterand, with the United backing of the nation’s Powerful Communist Party along With the Socialists and Radicals, Dolled 7,655,000 votes compared to President de Gaulle’s 10,504,- 000, Virtually one in every three Voters marked his ballot in favor Sf the united Left candidate—an Unprecedented show of support. By the same token it was an Unprecedented rebuke to De Gaulle, who had been expected to retain the presidency on the first ballot, The second round vote on the 19th will be a straight two way fight between Mitterand and De Gaulle. FRANCOIS MITTERRAND crush the illegal racist regime of lan Smith of Rhodesia. If this is not done by December 15, the African nations warned, they will then take matters into their own hands and do the job on Britain’s behalf. «The Sun Never Sets on the British Empire,” A generation ago, every Canadian schoolboy had this motto drilled into him, It was recuired learning right alongside the traditional three Rs, But today, as a result of the OAU meeting in Addis Ababa, the tired old British Common- wealth appears to be on its last legs. For of the 36 states which handed the Wilson government their ultimatum on Rhodesia, nine are Commonwealth members, They are: Kenya, . Malawi, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Sierra Leone, Ghana, Nigeria and Gambia, In addition to setting the Dec, 15 deadline for results, all 36 members of the OAU threatened to break off diplomatic and trade relations with the Wilson govern- ment unless the deadline is met, Many observers at the OAU meeting were thunderstruck by the determined, sharp stand dis- played by the African organiza- tion; a stand which is far- reaching in its economic, fin- ancial, diplomatic and military implications, But the sharpness of the stand emphasized they mean business, There are enough racist, neo- colonial regimes left in Africa without setting up new ones, _« And there are enough trouble spots in the world, carrying the seeds of World War III within them, without adding to the list. The African stand therefore becomes at once a blow for democracy and racial equality, as well as for world peace, Meanwhile, as the African D- Day approaches, immediate at- tention was focussed on the immensely important Kariba Dam, which straddles the border between Rhodesia and Zambia, The Kariba Dam with its power station on the Rhodesian side of the river frontier with Zambia. The Zambian copper belt depends on power supplies from there. The Zambian economy is crit- ically reliant on the power sup- plied by the dam, The Smith regime has been using the threat of destroying the Dam as a form of blackmail and President Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia has demanded British action to safeguard the vital in- stallation, The Zambian stand was clearly and unequivocally outlined by Simon Kapwepwe, foreign min- ister and representative for his DR. KENNETH KAUNDA country at the Addis Ababa con- ference, Kapwepwe said of the Dam: “This is joint property (of Rhodesia and Zambia — Ed.) It has been seized illegally by British citizens in Rhodesia, We hold Britain responsible to bring this property back to Zambia, “Britain is claiming Rhodesia is still a colony, If this is so, Britain is still responsible for the mess,” Prime Minister Wilson has not replied officially to the Zam- bian request but Commonwealth Relations Secretary Arthur Bot- tomley stated in London that British troops definitely would not be sent to guard the Kariba Dam, As the hour of decision nears, it is not hard to imagine the British government being haunted by the opening remarks of the OAU conference, uttered by Ethiopia’s Haile Selassie — who knows something of racialism and fascist barbarity: “All forces of good, wherever they may be found, must be mobilized to uproot the white supremacists in Rhodesia and Southern Africa.”