THE PRISUNE, WILLIAMS LAEW, BO,

Phureday, August 2%, 2938

stopping places are listed by the B. C. Government Trav:

rtable bed and
lumbians each

year. Over

good ranch-style meals provide the ideal Cari-
1500 dude ranches, resorts and
el Bureau,

‘Ellison Pays Top
Price in Sale of
Bulls From Englan

REGINA - Nine bulls from Eng-
land brought a total of $24,300 at
the Commonwealth Hereford Sale
here.

Nearly 3,000 persons saw the sale
opener, an animal rated second best
among the 16 British entries fetched
the peak price of $6,000 from a Brit-
jish Columbia rancher, Vern Ellison
of Oyama.

Average for the nine bulls was
; $2,700." One bull was withdrawn
from the auction at a veterinarian’s
order
| Six English cows brought $12,200
with a top price of $3,600 and an
average of $2,033.
| The British owners were reported
to be disappointed at the prices. Bob
Bentley, secretary of the British
Hereford Herd Book Society, said it
had cost the owners $1,500 to bring
each of the 16 animals to Canada
and they had expected a return of
$4,000 each.

The long time spent in’ transit by
the English animals lowered their
condition and weights to a point
where they placed poorly in show
224 Canadian

Bacterins Superior to Serums
In Fight Against Shipping Fever

Ottawa: Shipping fever has long) 2,100 animals inoculated with pac-

Plagued the Canadian cattle indus-
try, especially the stocker and feeder
trade during the fall and winter
months. It has been responsible for
severe economic losses. In 1951 Al-
berta is estimated to have suffered
a loss of at least 500,000 dollars.

Vaccines, referred to as bacterins,
Prepared from killed bacteria taken
from the tissues of cattle infected
with shipping fever, have proved
superior to serums as_ preventive
‘against the disease. Results of ex-
tensive field surveys carried on by
the Health of Animals Division and
Division of Animal Pathology, Cana-
@a Department of Agriculture, show
serum to be of little value. In fact
the death rate was higher in serum
treated animals under observation,
than in groups receiving no serum at
all. According to departemental sur-
veys, bacterins although promising,
merit further attention. New im-
Proved bacterins are currently be-
ing developed.

Many things have been tried in
fthe past to control the disease and
one after another has been discard-
ed as unsatisfactory. At present
streptomycin and sulpha drugs hold
top position as a treatment, once
animals show evidence of infection.
The problem of prevention has been
@ matter of grave concern to the-Ca-

“nada Department of Agriculture for
geome years.

COMMITTEE SET UP

In December of 1 Dr. J. G.
Taggart, Federal Deputy Minister of
Agriculture appointed 2 committee
to investigate the situation. Arrange-
ments were made to obtain inform-
aton from each province in a posi-
tion to supply it, on the efficiency of
serum treatment in setting up immu-
nity against shipping fever. A com-
parison between serum treated ani-
mals at stockyards and animals re-
ceiving no serum treated animals at
stockyards and animals receiving no
serum was made in Alberta, Saskat-
chewan, Manitoba, and Ontario. Re-
sults on over 7,000 cattle were com-
piled at that time. Indications were
that serum was of no great value as
® preventive against infection. These
results, although valuable were not
conclusive enough and so led to
further investigations.

In the fall of 1954 a more extens-
ive survey under better controlled
conditions to test the efficiency of
both serum and bacterin swung into
action. During this period a total of
approximately one-third were treat-
ed with serum, one third with bac-
terin, and a third kept under observ-
ation as a check group. Bacterin was
administered on the ranch 10 days
to 6 weeks in advance of shipping
date, and serum at the shipping
point in the west.

ANTL-SERUM LITTLE USE

The results of these surveys indi-
cated that anti-serum, used in com-
mercially practical doses, gave little
protection against shipping fever.
Of 4,000 cattle inoculated, 266 or 6.5
per cent, were sick with shipping

fever on arrival and 35 died. Of
3,200 untreated controls, 177 or 5.4
per cent were sick on arriyal and 30
died.

The survey results with bacterin
were somewhat more favorable. Of

terin on the ranch prior to shipment
only 49, or 2.3 per cent awere sick
on arrival, with 10 dying.

Bacterin and serum in use at pre-
sent contain only the species of bac-
teria called Pasteurella multocida
There is, however, no proof that this
is the only bacteria involved in ship-
ping fever. For this reason suitable
material was_ taken from animals
which died from the infection after
they had arrived in the east. This
material was sent to the Animal
Diseases Research Institute, Hull,
Quebec, for study.

Through laboratory analysis an
attempt is being made to determine
the type or types of bacteria respons-
ible for the disease. Once this is
established a more effective bacterin
may be available for use.

RECOMMENDATIONS

The Health of Animals Division
recommends that the bacterin now
in use be injected into the animals at
least two weeks prior to shipping
date, as it takes a considerable
Jength of time for immunity to build
up. They also advise that good
healthy cattle at shipping time are
the ones least likely to come down
with shipping fever en route to the
eastern terminals.

Although the present bacterin on
the market is recommended by au-
thorities they are by no means satis-
fied with its preventive powers.

Consequently a third survey is be-
ing planned which will begin this
fall. In this project the value of the
work done over the past year on the
development of improved bacterins
will be determined.

The 1954 survey supported by the
information in 1952, supplied con-
clusive evidence as to relative failure
of serum in recommended doses and
the superiority of bacterin as a ship-
ping fever preventive.

In view of these results the distr
bution of anti-serum by the Depar
ment for use at public stockyards
where cattle are assembled for ship-
men is being discontinued.

EDWARD M. TAKAHASHI
OPTOMETRIST
will be at the
RANCH HOTEL - WILLIAMS LAKE
Monday, August 22
12:00 noon to 8:30 p.m.
Tuesday, August 23
9:00 a.m. to 8:30 p.m.
Wednesday, August 24
9:00 a.m. to 3:00 pan.

For Complete Eye Examination Appointment
*phone or write The Ranch Hotel

ANNUAL

Barn Dance

“CLIFF BAGLE's BARN
LAC LA HACHE

Saturday, September 3

Deor Prize - 6 months old Calf
Music by
TALLER O’SHEA

Proceed:
Lac La Hache Hockey Rink

THE CARTERS ARE LUCKIER THAN THEY KNOW! :

Like all families, the Carters have plans and dreams. for
the future. But, ualike the families of just a generation
ago, they have a better chance of making those dreams
come true. :

‘Why? One important reason is because life inswrance is
much more flexible today. During the past 25 years, many
Rew policies have been created. The modern “family in-
come” policy, for instance, provides maximum coverage
while children are young, and reduces in amount as they
become self-supporting. Other policies have been deve-
loped to cover mortgages, and to provide retirement
income to fit in with the government old age security
benefits.

This wider choice reflects just one of the ways in which life
i ies and their rep: ives have adapted
their services to the changing needs of Canadians in all walks
of life! L455D.

THE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES IN CANADA ~

Comprising more than 50 Canadian, British and United States Companies

Admission $1.00.

cana good rum be?

lumbus Rum

ig the angwey

YOUR
RANCHER-OWNED
LIVESTOCK CO-OP

ize has the _
* Marketing Outlets
*& Market Information
% Experience

%& Bonded Fieldmen
and

The Desire ToDo a Real Marketing Job
For Every Rancher

When you are ready to sell your livestock
‘ALL
C. B. (Slim) Dorin
Fieldman or The B. C. Live Stock Co-op
Cariboo Cattlemen’s Agency
Located in the office of
The Cariboo Cattlemen’s Ass’n
WILLIAMS LAKE, B. Cc.
Phone: 7R2or94R6

we

Railway Avenue

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