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Thursday, November 14, 1684,

THE TRIBUNE, WILLIAMS LARE, 8.6.

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_It pays to read the ads.

New Form Of Winter Silage
Food Discussed By Agriculturists

- By W. L-

Pringle

in The Kamloops Sentinel

An agricultural co-ordinating con-
ference was held ‘at the Range Ex-
periment Station Kamloops on No-
vember 2 and 3. The object of the
first day’s discussion was to stand-
ardize the silage prescription for the
extension workers; grass legume
silage being relatively new form of
winter feed that may be harvested
and stored under conditions adverse
to hay making.

The meeting was under the leader-
ship of G. A. Luyat, supervising dis-
trict agriculturist and those present
ineludéd district agriculturists trom
his district which extends from Wil-
liams Lake to Cranbrook.

The term winter pasture has been
adopted for grass legume silage and
it was generally agreed that it is an
extremely popular form of preserved
fodder. A. McLean, forage crops di-
vision, led off with a discussion of
the various crops generally used for
silage. a

It was pointed ont that silage re-
tains more of the feed value than
hay by about 10 per cent. Figures
were given to show that alfalfa or an
alfalfa mixture will outyield corn in
total digestible nutrients and in per
cent protein and under most condi-
ions in pounds per acre of dry matter.

It was conceded that corn had a
definite place in rotation with the
alfalfa as a means to bring about
field sanitation. It is no secret that
many interior hay fields are rife with
broom virus bacterial wilt, and other
alfalfa diseases.

BEST SILAGE
The actual ensiling process was

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handled*by H. H. Nicholson, animal
husbandman on the Range Station.
The meeting agreed with him that
harvesting a crop early if growing
condition then partially wilting pro-
duces the best silage.

Various methods of adding arti-
ficial preservatives were discussed but
the agrologists were of the opinion
that it only complicates the ensiling
process and that preservatives are
too expensive to offset the value of
the silage saved. A recent theory on
the ensiling process attributable to
Dr. Woodward, dominion chemist in
Ottawa, was brought out.

It is now thought that the ensiling
process is not stricly bacterial but
that the fermentation is brought
about by living plant enzymes. This
explains why over-mature material
cannot be readily ensiled and why
pouring water on coarse ripe ma-
terial does not help.

This discovery greatly simplifies
the ensiling process. It would appear
that silage is the result of an oxi-
dation and fermentation in the pr
ence of an acid medium. A balance
between the amout of moisture in
the material and the amount of air
in the stack must be reached.
DEPENDS ON EXPERIENCE

This is brought about by the de-
gree’ of wilt in the field and the
amount of packing on the material
ensiled. At present this point cannot
be accurately determined but must
be arrived at through experience.

The agrologist were of the opinion
that it is very tricky to turn out good
silage but that it is relatively simple
to put up winter feed by this process.
The silage may be butyric from over-
packing or burned from underpack-
ing but it is still good winter feed.

Cost of harvesting long grass us-
ing a Paterson Buck Rake as ealcu-
lated from actual operations amount-
ed to between $1.51 and $3.70 per
ton. This system that uses a steel
tined buck rake mounted on the
three point hitch on the rear of a
tractor has its limitations.

A maximum load is about 500
pounds which can economically only
be hauled 500 yards. It was conceded
that it is an inexpensive tool and
simple to use which has a place on

4}the small farm. On large operations

a forage harvester may be
egonomical.

more
STORING SILAGE t

Storing of silage was discussed by
T. G. Willis, superintendent of the
Range Station. The wedge shape
stack has been discarded and in its
place a bun style is used. Packing
of the green material is best accom-
plished by a wheeled tractor and if
packed sufficiently it is unnecessary
to apply any covering. Long grass
requires much more rolling than
chopped material. It was pointed out
that a pit is edsier to fill than to
build a stack but that it is much
harder to feed out. Mr. Willis showed
the group a silage stack of alfalfa
that had been built inside portable
bunkers and was then being self fed
to a group of cows.

Because silage is heavy and car-
ries a strong clinging odor, it should
be handled as little as possible. Use
cf machinery or self feeding is ad-

visable. This is dependent on the
location of the silo and its type.
When feeding silage 3 - 3% tons is

equivalent to one ton of hay.

Reg Hall, supervisor of illustration
stations, summed up the day's meet-
ngs when he said that the name
Winter Pasture explains most things
about good silage as it differs very
little from the initial fodder from
which it was produced either in nu-
trients, moisture, or vitamins,
DISTRESS FEEDING

On Wednegday, discussion centred
on the distress feeding of livestoci
Joe Walsh, D.A., at Williams Lake,
fully covered the Cariboo hay situa-
tio. Mr. Walsh indicated that it now
looks much better than it did a
month ago as much hay has been put
ap since October 1. However, this
late cut hay, much of which. has been
frosted, seriously lacks quality. It
was pointed out that only those few
ranchers growing alfalfa or who put
up silege have adequate feed reserv-
es for this winter.

Therefore a supplement of either
srain or a screening pellet will have
to be fed. Hundreds of tons of sup-
plement have already been delivered
to Williams Lake. It was emphasized
that where a man had uncut meadows
the cattle should be supplemented
early in the year so that they have
adequate strength to get out and
rustle.

Dog Creek News

THE Walter Ofsons and daughter
Lavina motored over from Fawn to
send the week-end at View Ranch.

RED ALLISON, TOM DESMOND
and RON TOMLINSON returned
home Sunday after a week in town
helping with the cattlé sale.

C. R. PLACE was a business visitor
to town Monday.

JIM SYME reports haying opera-
tions now completed at the Circle S,
which means a considerably amn-
proved situation.

QUITE A NUMBER of hunting
parties continue to pass through
They report that due to the continued
mild weather much of the big game
still remains back in the higher
mountains.

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