tIOSCOW — American,
ish and other diplomats,
et and foreign corre-
4ndents followed with un-
ging interest the trial of
{Poles in a crowded pub-
court.
ince Gen. Leopold Okulicki
;4he central figure in the trial
7 most of the men at the
“ax were members of the “sha-
+ government’ inside Poland,
trial is.in essence a trial of
London emigre government.
‘tspart from the flamboyant
| pugnacious Okulicki, the
dorly and for the most part
#1i-headed men sitting at the
Xk might be taken at first
ace for a gathering of a
i@1 chamber of commerce. But
accession of younger men—
in all—appeared as witness-
-gainst the elders, and it was
e who revealed in all its
ness. the out and out fascist
ire both of the shadow gov-
ment at the dock and the
zre governmen in London.

I listened to the witness
Stankewicz calmly reel off
st of murders committed by

flashed back to the
ous trial at Kharkov. where
@stened to German SS men
Ste similar crimes which
E=red only in scale from those
olded by the killers of the
me Army.”

"ithout:the flicker of an eye-
Stankewicz described the
@der in 1944 of Vassileviski;:
rman of a vyillage Soviet,
— murder of his wife and 18-
,-old daughter. In January,
#: he murdered Kalitanski,
a local Soviet . man.
Sughout January his unit
dered a total of 50 Red
siymen and “ nine other
mole in February= cas
jae remaining 10 witnesses
ced similar chapters of kill-
™, arson, train wreckings,
B Onage, etc.
7 2tween July, 1944, and May
f his year these Polish were-
ies, masquerading as the
Eme Army,” murdered 594
Armymen and ‘wounded
2 ral hundred more.

oney flowed like water into
coffers of these werewolves.
‘of the district commanders

housands of American dol-
over 4,000,000. -zloti and
2 sums in Russian rubles. ;
+ this admission the corrés-
jent of a well-known Lan-
g daily whispered to ‘me:
w I know where quite 4 lot
ie British taxpayers’ mioney

Bp yo>

_ his testimony, Generfal Ok-
esi reluctantly but eonvine-
sy shattered once and for all
t patriotic myth with which
F emigre governmjen had
aged to cloak its monstrous
2es. “4

-@ ‘

| March, 1944, ir, Isondon,
©: received his “Instructions”
“1. emigre comimander in:
f Kasimierez Sfosnkowski;
ved in Poland if June and
a then until hifs arrest in
ch of this year} guided the
S:wolf activities Gf his fellow
pirators.. ,
verwhelmed by¥ irrefutable
pence, the hopéless general
ht refuge in #the formula:
commander-im-chief I am
Onsible but wot guilty, .°T

ut where is the conspirator

4 to an order? Whhile frankly

' agreed with _ him

he “Home Army”’’ told the
t that he had received tens ‘

‘mention. I have

general’s _

salve as to appeibd his signa-

London

admitting that he issued orders
to preserve ‘an illegal organiza-
tion, to preserve an espionage
apparatus and conceal-arms, he
was not at all keen to admit the
consequences. ee

“Did your action interfere
with the Red Army’s operations
against the Germans or did it
help?”’ the prosecutor queried.

“Tt interfered,’ Okulicki re-
plied.

Prosecutor: “Whom did it
help?”

Okulicki: ‘‘Naturally it help-
ed the Germans.”

Here was the admission, not
by -any Russian, not by any
member of the Warsaw Provis:
ional government, but by Gen-
éral Okulicki, trusted agent of

the emigre government, that
actions of this government
helped the Germans. In other

words, they became allies of the
Germans.

Even more damning was Ok-
ulicki’s confession that he want-
ed an European bloc, including

Germany, to resist the Soviet:

Union. It was an admission that
made audience and reporters
gasp. This was Hitler policy
with a vengeance — trying to
split the Allies.

That was bad enough. But as
I listened to this Polish general
describe how General Bor
about the
European bloc, I saw in my
mind’s eye the pyramids of
Polish skulls at Maidanek, the
burned. bodies of thousands of
Polish patriots that I. had seen
at Lodz.

I thought of all the eight
million Poles massacred by. the
Germans, and I could scarcely

:eredit my ears as this self-

styled Polish patriot, blindly
blinking behind horn-rimmed
spectacles, announced his plans
for alliance with the murderers

of his countrymen; for struggle

against the
native land.

After this history will cer-
tainly record the emigre Polish
government, with its Okulickis
and Bors, as having probed the
uttermost abyss of- political
treachery and national betray-
‘ai, .

One other personality figur-
ing at the trial merits special
in mind M.
Pujak, general secretary of the
Polish“ Socialist Party and
president of the underground
Polish “parliament.”

Pujok affirmed that he knew
nothing of terror, nothing about
the secret army of killers, and
confessed only to having pos-
session of a secret radio trans-
mitter with which he flashed
messages to the emigre gov-
ernment in London. He admitted
that in withholding the radio
transmitter he failed to comply
wih the orders of Soviet mili-
tary authorities calling for sur-
render of radio transmitters.

The prosecutor confronted
Pujak with Okulicki, saying:
“This man denies all knowledge*
of your instructions to keep in-
tact the illegal armed forces
and conceal arms, while formal-
ly dissolving the Home Army:
what can you say about this?”

Okulicki: “Pupak was pres-
ent when I communicated this
instruction to: ‘Parliament’.”

The people at the dock bear
various labels. Okulicki calls
himself: a patriot, Pujak a So-
cialist, others democrats — but
by their. deeds ye shall know
them, and the overwhelming
evidence produced in court of
their monstrous crimes adds up
to one word: FASCISM.

liberators of his

11 — P.A. MAGAZINE SECTION

Po

: es Aid Nazis By John Gibbons

Shown at the Moscow court where they conducted the trial of 16 London Poles accused
of subversive activity behind Red Army lines are, top, 1 to r: Maj. Gen Dmitriev, Col.
Gen Ulrich and Col. Detistov. Two of the 12 men convicted are, bottom, left: Maj.-Gen.
L Bronislav Okulicki and, right: Jan Jankowski.

Polish Trials Expose
Anti-Soviet Conspiracy

The Poles hailed by Stettinius and Eden as “‘democratic leaders” turned wp at the
Moscow trial admitting practically all counts in the indictment, which charged them with
subversion, sabotage and conspiracy against the Provisional Government and the Red
Army. By exposing the real aims of the Polish conspirators in London and in the home

country, the trial should play
no small part in speeding
agreement on the Polish gov-
ernment at Warsaw.

The outstanding revelation of
the trial.so far is a quotation in
the indictment from a letter
from Gen. Okulicki, commander
of the underground anti-Soviet
army, showing the purpose of
the anti-Warsaw and anti-Sov-
iet. forces. In a communication

to Col. Slabora of the Polish
“Home Army, Gen. Okulicki
said:

“A Russian victory over
Germany will, not only threat-
en Englands interest in Eur-
ope but will frighten all-
Kurope. Considering their
interests in Europe the Brit-
ish will mobilize aJl Europ-
ean forces against the Soviet
Union. Clearly we will take
first place in this European
anti-Soviet bloc which can-
not be organized without the
participation of Germany and
which will be controlled by
the British.” ;

This telling evidence exposes
“completely the aim of, the
“emigre Polish cabinet in Lon-
don, and the orientation of their
policy. In carrying out this pol-
icy, as admitted by Gen. Oku-
licki, Vice Premier (London)
Jankowski and others at the
‘trial, orders were given to re-
sist the Red Army and engage
in sabotage, resulting in the
death of over 500 Soviet officers
and many civilians. -

It will be recalled that the
arrest of the 16 Poles, announc-

ed during the early days of the
San Francisco conference, was
used by Secretary of State
Stettinius and Foreign Secre-
tary Eden to break off discus-
sions with Molotov on the Pol-
ish question. In the midst of a
heated anti-Soviet campaign, it
was said in London and Wash-
ington that among the group of
arrested Poles were the Anglo-
American candidates for the
Provisional Government of Na-
tional Unity.

On the evidence of the trial,
the arguments used for veering
away from the Yalta agree-
ment on Poland now collapse.
It has become clearer that the
main obstacles to agreement
had been created by. the insist-
ence of the Washington and
London...governments upon in-
leuding’ in the negotiations anti-
Soviet. and. anti-Coalition in-
triguers like those now on trial.

It. is. inconceivable how Bri-
tain and the United States can
continue to recognize the Lon-
don Polish Cabinet, revealed at
the Moscow trial as the central
instrument of the conspiracy.

Now that it -is officially made
part of the public record, not
only the London Poles but the
British Cabinet has a lot of ex-
plaining to do, and in the midst
of the election compaign It
cannot be assumed that the
British Cabinet—and particu-
larly its Prime Minister and
Foreign Secretary — were un-
aware of the political ambitions
of the Polish emigre regime. If
it should be argued that the
British government was using

the anti-Soviet Poles as a bar-
gaining threat against the Sov-
iet Union on a whole series of
European questions — and es-
pecially the German problem—
this can hardly improve mat-
ters.

As already suggested, the
trial should improve the pros-
pects for the success of the
consultations now going on in
Moscow between representa-
tives of the Warsaw Govern-
ment and democratic Polish
leaders from abroad and from
within Poland. As far as the
British and American Ambas-
sadors are concerned it will cer-
tainly become extremely diffi-
cult for them to find new: pre-
texts for evading the Yalta
agreement.

The Polish trial also serves
to bring the main issues of lib-
erated Europe to a focus. Not
only the anti-Soviet Poles, but
all'the leading pro-fascist and
reactionary forces of Germany
and Europe count heavily upon
the formation of an anti-Soviet
bloc. Certainly the neo-Nazis
now turned great “admirers of
Britain and the United States
as well as the big industrialists
and the clerical hierarchy hope
for the crystallization of such a
bloc. The same can be said for
the reactionary forces in the
rest of Europe, as well as in
Britain and the United States.

Every effort to restrain and
impede the anti-fascist and dem-
ocratic upsurge of the liberated
peoples of Europe serves to
build up the conditions for a

—Continued on Page 14

SATURDAY, JULY 7, 1945