| Sune 7, 1940

THER ADVOCATE

Page Three

J apanese
‘Fail In Bis

Offensive

‘Cannot Conduct
Major Operations,
Minister Holds

CHUNGKING, China — Re-

cent suecesses of the Chinese
; forces on the Central China
front prove that that the Jap-
anese are no longer in a posi-

§, tion to undertake major opera-

tions, accordine to General Ho
Ying-ching, China’s war min-
ister.

ima press interview here, Gen-
eral Ho declared that the Japanese
command had concentrated in this
district six divisions, on brigade,
two heavy artillery brigades, two
tank regiments, two chemical bat-
talions and other units in order to
Carry out its plan of capturing
Sianyang and Fancheng in north-

' erm Hupeh and Nanyang in South-

ern Honan.

in addition the Japanese brought
up puppet government troops, al-

though these proved completely in-
effective.

The Chinese command, he said,
had full knowledge of the plans of
the Japanese offensive, and aimed
at enclosing the advancing Japan-
€se€ motorized unit to advance, des-
troying the roads behind its lines
and cut it off from its supply bases.

At present severe fighting pro-
ceeds southeast to Tsaoyang, where
the Japanese are encircled, the
Chinese ocntrolling all roads of
retreat. i

The Japanese sufiered the heay-
iest losses during its retreat from
Tanho in southern Honan, where
they abandoned a large amount of
Supplies.

General Ho-Ying-Chinge declar-
ed that the success scored on the
Central China front enhanced
the confidence of the nation and
the army in the final victory.

55,000 KIELED

The chief of the political depari-
ment of the military council of the
Chinese army, General Chen
Cheng, expressed the opinion that
quring the fighting in Hupeh and
Honan, the Japanese lost 55,000
killed and wounded, 2,600 horses, 80
tanks and 2,000 motor trucks, part
of which were destroyed and part
captured by the Chinese.

General Chen declared that the
success of th Chinese forces proves
that the Japanese are no longer
@ position to undertake major op-
erations. These successes also testi-
fy, he stated, to the high fighting
efficiency of the Chinese troops and
to the improvement in the strategi-
cal and tactical plans of the Chin-
ese command.

Surrey Relief

Scales Slashed

CLOVERDALE, BC. Relief
scales in Surrey municipality have
been revised by provincial relief
authorities, but instead of allow-
ing an increase to balance higher
living costs a reduction as from
June 1 has been ordered.

\According to the new scales,
there is a reduction of one dollar
in shelter allowances which will
aifect directly food and clothing
allowances. This reduction amounts
to one-twelfth of a relief recipient’s
annual taxes and is now made with
the understanding that it will be
deducted by the municipal relief

_ office and applied to taxes.

Food allowances remain at $13.75,
clothing at $2.50 a month. In ad-
dition to the reduced shelter al-
lowancte “a further monthly reduc-
tion- of one dollar is made for
medical attention.

DENTIST
DR. W. J. CURRY

Ste. 301, Dominion Bank Bldg.
Gambie & Hastings SEy. 3001
Victory Square

Gy
Y
Ke
Xe
2

ABBQTT and HASTINGS
VANCOUVER

‘Mr. Sensible’ Plan
Compared To Nazi
Blockleiter System

An Associated Press dispatch from London states:

AA

nationwide plan to enlist a “Mr. Sensible’ in every street to
maintain public morale in the event that radio broadcasting and
newspaper circulation are disrupted by bombing or invasion, ts
announced by Sir Wyndham Deedes, information officer for

London.

“The plan envisages local “agents of reassurance’ respons-
ible for posting reliable news bulletins in streets and “allaying
public fears, stimulating public effort for victory and giving ad-

E)

vice and exhortation.

Here is what the current issue of The Week, London news-

letter, has to say of this plan:

“Oi much greater interest and importance on the home

front than the newspapers have
Nicholson’s
on each street, to, act

so far attributed to it is Harold

scheme fer the establishment of ‘one sensible man’
in Nicholson’s own words—as ‘the gen-

eral moral guidance of the street.’

“Nicholson, in announcing this,
pointed out, “The great problem of
morale may become more acute.’

“The particular interest of this
scheme is in its resemblance, in
some features, to similar develop-
ments in Germany, where a method
of this kind was established very
early in the Nazi regime.

“Under the Nazi regime there
are, in fact, two types of ‘Mr.
Sensibles’—as the newspapers
have already dubbed the persons
‘of influence’ Nicholson seeks to
establish.

“There is the political department
oi the Nazi party itself, in which
an individual is known as a block-
leiter. And in the Labor Front in
Germany is an individual known
as a blockwalter.

“Tt is_the frst business of these
individuals precisely to act as ‘stif-
feners of the morale’ on the home
front. The handbook of the Nazi
Labor Front says of the blockwal-
ter that he ‘must know each in-
dividual, must encourage the lazy,
restrain the over-eager, and root
out the notorious grousers” In a
word, the block must be ‘the mirror
of our view of the world,’

“It is, of course, too early to say
just how quickly the influential
Mr. Sensibles’ envisaged by the
ministry of information will geton
With the job.

TWO REASONS.

“The matter is however, of great
importance — and its importance
will appear sooner rather than
later—for the following reasons:

“I. Events on the western front
have produced the beginning of an
awakening of public opinion—par-
ticularly working class opinion—in
Britain, and this is a fact which
imposes new and urgent tasks upon
the government.

“2. It is clear that this is the
first, and perhaps a tentative move
toward filling the important gap left
in the British governing apparatus
as a result of the haste with which
the government had to assume its
dictatorial powers.

“In italy and Germany, for in-
Stance, it is important to recall
that the Fascist and Nazi parties
existed before the establishment of
dictatorial powers and were there-
fore already ‘on hand’ when they
were once taken.

“In Britain, on the other hand,
the so called emergency powers
came first, and there was thus no
apparatus immediately to hand for
carrying them out,

“There is, of course, the ordin-
ary apparatus and machinery of
government and local government
but, as the Germans found in the
earlier days of the Nazi regime,
such an apparatus is not enough.
It is, above all, necessary. to root
the whole business in the masses,
and it was on this basis, of course,
that the Fascist and Nazi parties
were created.

“It would be an exaggeration to
suggest that the ‘Mr. Sensibles’
will necessarily be a _ principal
piece of the government apparatus
in Britain to fulfil this function,
but the creation of the new system
is of interest and importance as in-
dicating that the government is
aware of the implications of its
emergency powers and is taking
what steps it can to create, as
quickly as possible, something
which can at least partially fulfil
in Britain the*important functions
of the Nazi party in Germany.

“There are, of course, those in
Britain who imagine that it is
possible to run a regime of the
kind established under the Emer-
gency Powers act without alter-
ing the other features of social
and political life: in other words,
they suppose you can operate a
dictatorial regime solely with the
machinery of a democracy. This

is an illusion—and it is clear the

government | recognizes these
facts.”

Watch our Windows!

SMARTEST—NEWEST in
MEN’S WEAR

62 W. Hastings St.

Sam/’s Shirt Shop |

jjor ‘night’

FBI Probes
Vigilante
Slaying

ABERDEEN, Wash—Grays Har-
ber Civil Rights committee has
turned over to Federal Bureau of
Investigation agents affidavits and
other evidence linking leading resi-
dents of this community with
wrecking of the Finnish Workers
Federation’s hall here by a vigilante
mob last December when, although
flashlight photographs of the mob
in action were published in various
newspapers, no arrests were made
by Grays Harbor officials.

“The FBI agents were aiso re-
ported to have investigated the
Vigilante murder of Mrs. Laura Law,
wife of a CIO union official. The
slaying of Mrs. Law on Jan. 5 came
as a brutal climax to an hysterical
anti-labor campaign, during which
vigilantes terrorized this community.

Two damage suits, seeking $30)-
000, have been filed in federal court
by the Finnish Federation. One
names Mayor Herbert Horrocks of
Aberdeen, Police Chief George S.
Dean and Detective Captain Robert
Schmidt.

The second action names as de-
fendants, R. J. Ultican, chairman
of the board of county commis-
sioners; Daniel McGillicuddy and
Ward Penning.

Bata Fined On
Labor Charges

WASHINGTON, DC—The law—
atfer many delays and much prod-
ding by the ClOQ—has caught up
with Bata Shoe company in nearby
Belcamp, Maryland, to the extent
of an $18,085 fine and back pay
order on five counts of violation: of
the Wage and Hour act.

The Czech firm, whose owner,
Jan Bata, was allowed to take cap-
ital out of Czechoslovakia after the
Nazi occupation in order to set up
a plant in the United States, was
found by the court to have con-
sistently violated the wage hour
law in regard to overtime, mini-
mum pay rates, falsification ‘hot’
goods in interstate commerce.

Students Will
Grow Own Food

CGHUNGEING, China — Students
throughout China will be put to
growing part of their food require-
ments themselves, according to an
order issued by the minister of
education here.

Schoo] authorities are instructed
to require all college, middle and
fourth-grade primary students to
work three hours weekly at vege-
table gardening, raising chickens,
pigs, cows, goats or fish; cultivat-
ing fruit or making soy-bean milk,
bean curds or soy sauce.

The order says that agricultural
Jabor is being introduced as 4
means of improving students’ diets
and developing productive talents.

New Gains Won
In GEC Agreement

NEW YORK, NY. — Sweeping
gains were won by United Elec-
trical, Radio and Machine Workers
in negotiations for a new contract
with General Electric, largest firm
in America’s electrical industry.

At the end of a one-day session
here, UERIMW Secretary-Treasurer

j| Julius Emspak revealed that the

union had won two weeks’ paid
vacations for employes with five
years or more of service, a 10 per
cent bonus for workers on the third
shift, and closer con-
sultation with the union on per-
sonne] matters.

“PURE FOOD PRODUCTS

Victoria, Nanaimo, Prince Rupert, New Westminster, Kamloops,
Vernon, Penticton

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Orpheum Barber Shop

671 Smithe Street

Continued

Japan

do not like foreign rice and that
this accounts for the enormous
drop in rice consumption. This
threadbare excuse is, however, re-
futed by the big campaign which
has been launched for a reduction
in rice consumption. The official
Spiritual Mobilization League, which
formerly tried to impress people
with the wonderful imperial des-
tinies of the Japanese race, has
not been given the more prosaic
task of telling people to eat less
rice.

At a meeting of prominent
women citizens of Tokyo, the
proposal was made that people
should drink more water te fill
their stomachs. At the same
meeting complaints were made
that foodstuffs offered as sub-
stitutes for rice are too expensive
for the average household.

Hoarding, rising prices, illicit
trading and the general scramble
for deficient commodities are the
outward signs of currency inflation.
The note issue has reached a new
all-time record and an offical in-
vestigation in Lokyo revealed that
retail prices for numerous articles
are 100 percent higher than those
fixed by government price com-
missions. The investigation dis-
closed that retail merchants com-
pletely ignore official price regu-
lations and fix prices of their own.
Rising prices and increased,
misery for the people have during
recent months resulted in a num-
ber of strike movements for higher
wages. The plight of the workers
is increased by the fact that in the
event of work stoppage caused by
coal and electricity shortage only
a meager allowance is given.

The government is making vain
efforts to stem the time of inflation
by trying to cut expenditures which
can only be financed with the aid
of the note printing press.
EFFECT ON ARMY

The army, however, insists on its
full share of the budget. Recently
it started direct interference in
economic and financial matters by
Setting up its own agencies. As a
sop for the people the militarists
proclaim curbing of war profiteer-
ing as their aim, when in reality
they are bleeding the country white
in an effort to finance their ill-
starred war adventure.

The privations of the people are
having their effect on the -soldiers
in China. A cabinet minister who
recently returned from a Visit to
the front protested against what
he termed exaggerated newspaper
reports on difficulties at home be-
cause they had a disturbing effect
on the soldiers at the front.

The newspaper Mikayo retorted
that these reports only reflected

‘the truth, stating that their bad in-

fluence on the solditrs could only
be curbed by relieving the distress
at home and not simply by deny-
ing facts.

The minister of justice recently
declared that everything must be
done to ensure peace and order at
home. He entreated local govern-
ors to concentrate all their efforts
on securing the home front.

The Japanese press is filled with
complaints about the lack of patri-
otism among the new people. A
new campaign for ‘Spiritual mobili-
zation’ is being launched to whip
up tht flagging war spirit.

But the masses of the Japan-
ese people are tired of war, ‘of
privations and want. On the eve
of the third anniversary of the
war it is becoming even more
evident that plans to enslave the
gallant and stubborn people of
China will not succeed,

Farmers Pioneer
In Soviet Far East

MOSCOW, USSR—From populous
Byelorussia on the western fringe
of the Soviet Union modem pio-
neers are going into the Soviet Far
East to establish scientific col-
lective farms.

Nearly 8,000 applications from
collective farmers desiring to settle
in Siberia, Sakhalin and Kamchat-
ka have been received at the dis-
trict settlement department.

Workers Gain

LIMA, Peru—New social gains
for Peruvian workers were won
when the Chamber of Deputies un-
animously adopted a bill to give
yacations with pay to all workers
in private industry as well as
municipal employes. The bill, which
is now in the executive offices
awaiting declaration as law, Was
introduced by Juan P. Lima, deputy
elected by Lima’s workers.

10,000 Claims

WASHINGTON, DC—Close to
cers have filed claims for
ment and back pay in the
Republic Steel corporation case,
the National Labor Relations Board
announced this week. The estimate
Was made by the NGRB’s division
of economic research.

Refugee From Franco

for those doing settlement wor

pean refugees.

A GIRL refugee from Spain teaches in school maintamed

k in the Dominican Republic,

where-a rich tract of 26,000 acres has been set aside for Huro-

the joint session of the Senate
summarized the achievements o
The president struck out at dis-
rupters of the people’s unity and
scored reactionary attacks on the
Chilean Communist party which,
he said, had demonstrated its ‘loy-
alty and cooperation.’

“The people’s front government,”
he said, “is the democratic expres-
sion of national sovereignty based
on the electoral will of the people.
It; reflects the close ties of all the
popular forces contributing to en-
richment of the country—of those
who contribute creative work, of
those who contribute capital, of
those who contribute ideas. It re-
flects the unselfish efforts and en-
thusiastic experience of the people.

“One year of the people’s front
government has proven the pro-
found.and sincere patriotic senti-
ments of all the parties of the
people’s front, their loyalty to re-
publican institution, thelr unsel-
fish devotion in serving the col-
lective interest, calmly carrying
out the responsibilities and rights
given to all citizens within a
democractic regime.

“The progressive parties live,
work, and act clearly, cooperate
generously in bringing about the
successes of my government, help
the authorities to solve the most
varied problems, and demonstrate,
in all these ways, that they are the
stronghold of the republican struc-
ture of the nation.

EROGRAM CARRIED OUT.

“The presdent of the republic
will not, however, cooperate with
those forces which lack patriotism
and have not proven through work
their absolute loyalty to the inter-
nal policy of the country. This in-
ternal policy has been determined
by no foreign suggestion, but in a
constitutional way. It has strength-
ened democracy and is working to
extend it further.

“J believe that I have honestly
carried out the program of the peo-
ple’s front. Nobody can deny the
patriotic contribution of the Radi-
cal, Socialist, Democrat, Commun-
ist, and Radical Socialist parties
and the Workers Confederation of
Chile. The effectiveness of my work
lies precisely in the attainment of
unity and coordinated: action ofall
democratic forces grouped around
the people’s front. It lies in the
generous collaboration of all patri-
otic men and in the goodwill of
those citizens who, overcoming per-
sonal or chance group conven-
jences, have showed their willing-
ness to work for the general wel-
fare of the people of the nation.

“The regime TI represent, which
embodies the mandate the people
gave me on Oct. 25 to defend the
democratic institutions of the
country, to strengthen and to bring
it toward success, is the result of
the free exercise of constitutional
rights. To respect this regime is
therefore the first duty of every
citizen who does not want to rebel
against the legal order of the re-
public.

MANY ATTACKS.

“There have been many attacks
against the government. First there
was the attempt to make the people

believe that there was no unity

Chilean President
Scores Disrupters
Of People’s Front

SANTIAGO, Chile. — Declaring that the Huropean war
made it imperative for the Chilean people and their govern-
ment to adopt Measures to ensure the national progress of the
country on the basis of a watchful neutrality and a policy of|recent Labor party conference, but
maintaining peace and safeeuarding Chile’s economic inde-|the dominant right-wing leadership
pendence, President Aguirre Cerda, in his recent message to

and the Chamber of Deputies,
£ the people’s front.

among the Radicals, then came the
attempt to disrupt the Socialist
party. Today the attack is launched
against the Chilean Communist
party, which, although it does not
take part in the government, is
nevertheless: giving all its loyalty
and cooperation to the government,
as a revolutionary party. As long as
these charges are not proven—and
as a matter of fact, they don’t jibe
with the record — I will have to
consider all these campaigns as at-
tempts to produce an uneasy situa-
tion for the benefit of a few.
“Full of faith and confidence in
the political and social sectors who
are putting themselves at the ser-
vice of the republic, I pledge I will
be loyal to the mandate of the
people, and I am sure they will re-
main at my side until the end of
my presidential term.’

Referring to the economic situa-
tion, Cerda declared:

“With perseverance we will con-
tinue the task of first of all deter-
mining our own wealth, developing
it through out own efforts and with
the honest collaboration of foreign
Capital, strengthening our national
Sovereignty and the economic inde-
pendence of the country, utilizing
our strong resources in the foundry
and metal industries for the estab-
lishment of our own maritime
transportation.”

Qn the question of protection
of labor's rights he emphasized
the fact that during the people’s
front government more trade
unions were organized than dur-
ing the previous 13 years of oth-
er administrations, Once again he
underlined the responsibilities
foreign and national enterprises
had for the welfare of the work-
ers. He declared that $500,000,000
would be appropriated for the

projects.

New Zealand Workers Told To Sacrifice Labor Conditions

Emergency
Powers Act
Is Passed

No Conscription
Pledge Broken By

Labor Government

WELLINGTON, New Zea-
Jand—-The Labor government
of Prime Minister Peter Praser
whieh, in the first months of
the war, abandoned the social-
reform program on which it
was returned to power, last
week carried its policies a step
farther by repudiating its
pledge to the recent labor
party conference not to in-
troduce conscription.

Glaiming that it was conscripting
men and wealth alike, the govern-
ment pushed through the House its
Emergency Powers act empowering
it to conscript men for military ser-
vice at home and overseas.

Stating that conscription would be
enforced ‘when required,’ Prime
Minister Fraser told the House that
‘normally’ his government would be
against conscription, but it now
considered the measure essential to
meet the situation.

Finance Minister Walter Nash
declared that the workers would
faye to surrender all conditions
won during the past half a cent-
ary and stated that for the dura-
tion of the war all laws, rules
and regulations must be sweps
aside.

While the government has chosen
this time to reverse its formal stana
in opposition to conscription, its
drive toward introduction of such
a measure has long been apparent
in its reluctance to give labor or-
fanizations assurance that ccn-
scription was not contemplated.
Conscription was opposed by the

declared that local labor parties
participating in the anti-conscrip-
fion movement would be expelled:

Fined For Slogans

PHILADELPHIA, Pa—For paint-
ing the slogan, “Tell FDR. No!
The Yanks Are Not Coming,’ on
sidewalks and fences here five men
were fined $10 each.

construction of popular housing |

DENTIST
Dr. R. Llewellyn

Douglas
SHymour 5577

Corner Richards and Hastings

STOP HITLERISM
EVERYWHERE

The decay of capitalism has pro-
duced the systems of Hitler and
Mussolini: but the forward march
of democratic moyements inside
Germany and Italy, and through-
out the world, can sweep tyranny
from the earth. Only democratic
people have consistently opposed
Hitler and Mussolini ever since the
fascist and nazi movements com-
menced. It was supporters of dem-
ocracy who organized pickets
against the showing of Nazi films,
and against the propaganda tour of
fhe notorious Karlsruhe; and who
fought against the nazis and fas-
cists in Spain, and organized boy-
cotts to weaken the Nazis. It was
fhe champions of peace and dem-
ocracy who opposed the Munich
surrender and advocated the policy
of collective security, which could
have scotched all ‘Hitler’s war plans.

D. N. Pritt, KC, MP, in his latest
book ‘Must the War Spread’ shows
that opposition of the democratic
movement inside Germany, as Tre=
cently as December, 1939, wrested
big concessions from Hitler in the
Way of hours of labor, etc., despite
the Nazi terror.

256 Pages

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LONDON, England—The index of British commod-_

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