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{ Page Three

_ Devise Strategy Against Invaders

Chinese Prepare Guerrilla
Warfare On Large Scale

By WM. PURVIS

When japanese troops, maneuvering near Loukochiao, a few miles outside Peiping,
July 7, substituted real bullets for blank cartridges during their midnight maneuvers, they
met stout resistance from Chinese provincial troops. Japanese Imperialism had presented
the world with another “incident.”” With the same regretful suavity displayed after the
near-murder of the British ambassador to China, Japan insisted the “incident” was unpre-
meditated, that former Manchurian soldiers in the Chinese 29th Army acted provocatively.

After six months of savages
fighting, the history-making armies
of heroic China, falling back on
their former national capital at
Wanking, are preparing for guer-
rilla warfare, with millions of
regular and partisan troops par-|
ticipatinge. The huge Japanese
superiority in war planes, artillery,
tanks, cannot smother this unor-
thodox adversary which destroys
while retreating.

Several weeks previous ot the
ioukochiao “incident,” a provoca-
tive Japanese military command
engaged In an armed attack on
Soviet border guards and river
gunboats in the Amur river, near
@ Soviet city. Japanese Imperial-
ism was looking for trouble and
finally decided to start something
Jast July 7.

Worth China’s Immense supplies
of raw materials of modern in-
dustry—coal, iron, oil, cotton for
which the Japanese army clique is
reaching, is the main prize among
a list of “objectives” sent by China
to signatories of the nine-power
treaty.

Successful te the point of reach-
ing the Yellow River that cuts
across Central China in her in-
vasion of the five northern proy-
inces, Japan fully realizes that the
thine she most feared, the reason
for precipitating the “incident” on

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July 7, is now an accomplished
fact. China is united.

The invasion knocked down all
arguments against the one thing
that had made China helpless in
i931, the period when Japan did as
she pleased in China, All organiza-
tions, regardless of political or
met and pledged
support to the defense of the na-
tion. Typical was a conference, re-
ported in the press, of 15 leading
organizations in Shanghai. It in-
eluded the Shanghai Chamber of

Commerce, fhe Civic Association
and the Shanghai Trade Union
Council.

The All-China National Salvation
League urged Nanking to mobilize
the country, the students’ organi-
zation rallied to support the cen-
tral government. Thousands flock-
ed to enlist for a course of mili-
tary training The Communist
party of China, outlawed for ten
years by the ruling regime, and
the former Red Army, finest of
soldiers, offered their entire forces
for a war of liberation. Japan’s
fears were very real.

Por six months of this year
every inch of Chinese territory has
been bitterly contested. MTll-armed
Chinese forces have continuously
backed up that small Chinese gar-
rison which last July returned the
fire of “blank” cartridges. Tangible
evidence of this new unity and na-
tional spirit was written with the
blood of tens of thousands of
Chinese defenders of Peiping,
Tientsin, Woosung, Shansi, Shang-
hai, and now Nanking.

Red Army Victorious

It was fitting that the Chinese
Red Army now reorganized in the
Eighth WNational People’s Revolu-
tionary, Anti-Japanese Army,
which declared war on Japan 3
years ago, should win the first
major Chinese victory in the na-
tional war. General Chu Teh, com-
mander of these war-hardened
troops, was hailed by the whole of
China for his yictory at Shansi,
where a highly mechanized Japa-
nese division of 10,000 men was
utterly routed with great loss.

From the beginning of the war
Mao Tse-tung, political leader of
the Chinese Communists, outlined
the strategy which would defeat

| the Emperor’s invading army. It is

terse and to the point:
“Geographically, the theatre of
War 1S sO vast that it is possible
for us to pursue mobile warfare
with the utmost efficiency and with
telling effect on a slow-moving war
machine like Japan’s Deepline con-
centration and the exhausting de-
fense of a vital position or two on
a narrow front would be to throw
away all our tactical advantages
of our geographical and economic
organization, and to repeat the
mistake of the Ethiopians. Our

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strategy is to avoid decisive bat-
tles in the early stages of the
War, and gradually to break the
morale, the fighting spirit, and the
military efficiency of the living
forces of the enemy.”

The ever-lengethening of com-
munication lines which must be
constantly policed against guer-
rilla tactics will add to the bad
roads encountered by the slowing
Japanese war machines.

The immediate heroic past of the
Chinese forces is a guarantee that
the political intelligence and dis-
cipline needed for such unortho-
dox war methods will be there;
firm belief in ultimate victory, not
through head-on clashes but by a
round-about war of subterfuge and

delay, animates the Chinese peo-
ple.
Japan Vulnerable
Japan is feeling the economic

pinch at the end of 1937, after
six months of invading and kill-
ing. Freda Utley’s Japan’s Feet of
Clay, offers revealing data which
Bives the inside of the imperialists’
bold front.

Her statisites show that Japan
has little iron and steel, little coal,
mo nickel or other alloy for mak-
ing steel, no cotton, no rubber, and
of non-ferrous metals, only cop-
per.

It is seen then that Japan’s econ-
omy is not based on these basic
War necessities, but on raw silk,
cheap cotton and woollen goods,
rayon. She must sell these prod-
ucts to the world.

Following are the findings of
two Soviet students in their book,
When Japan Goes to War:

“Japan’s total reserves in oil,
iron, rice would be expended in the
very first year of the war; the
permanent reserve of agricultural
produce will give out in the second
year of war, and 60 per cent of
her national income would be used
up in the second year.” The book
makes a comparison, stating the
central powers used only 54 per
cent of their income in the fourth
year of the World War.

Mao Tse-tung’s stratezy un-
doubtedly takes these factors into
consideration.

But it is altogether too easy to
fight wars on paper, for such a
pastime to be profitable. Hranco
should have been defeated long
ago in Spain when blind considera-
tion is given to his isolation from
the Spanish people, to the financial
bankruptcy of Italy and Germany,
his allies.

Yet arms and munitions con-
tinue to strengthen Franco, inter-
national apathy permits the bomb-
ing of civilians, and that strange
thing called British foreign policy
are all factors prolonging war in
Spain.

Boycott Strong Weapon

Recorded facts show that Britain
and the Morgan interests in the
United States are making up for
the extremely large adverse trade
balance of Japan, by granting of
loans and the ready purchase of
Japanese products.

Japan sells 90 per cent of her

William Purvis

of ely

=

: =
PA staff writer, came to British
Columbia in 1921 after serving a

four-year appreticeship to phar-
macy in Nottingham, England.
Worked two years in Fraser Valley
brickyards, seven in logging camps
and restaurants as cook. In 1932
loggers and unemployed workers
at Port Alberni elected him as
their delegate to the Workers’
Economie Conference at Ottawa.
From 1932-4 was editor of the
Uneniployed Worker, organ of
Vancouver unemployed, and was
provincial secretary of the Unem-
ployed Council movement.

silk to the United States, and in
return Japan with raw cotton pro-
ceeds to flood the world with cheap
cotton goods, also imports wood
pulp and returns it in rayon. An
embargo on cotton by Britain and
the United States would squeeze
the life out of Japan’s war ma-
chine. So would stoppage of ma-
chinery, oil and iron.

in Wovember, 1936, Japan ex-
ported 49,885 bales of raw silk to
the rest of the world. This year in
the same month it was 39,125 bales,
a drop of 22 per cent. A bale of
silk weighs 132% pounds.

This not winning a war on paper,
it is an effective strangling pro-
cess in which the world’s demo-
eratic millions are supplying in-
creasing pressure. :

The enormous unity achieved by

China’s 400 millions, their willing-
ness to fight every inch of the way,
the skillful, winning strategy sup-
plied by incorruptible leaders spells
the doom of Japanese Imperialism,
which has menaced the world for
decades. The weapons of embargo
and boycott will hasten the Chi-
mese victory and save millions
from death and maiming.

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