Paie Two
PH O27 be Ss] ADV CCcALe
Ausust 20, 1937
CHINA
(Continued from page 1)
CONFERENCE
(Continued from page 1)
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amibitions to the
4he southern tip of Manchuria.
Then came the , World War.
Japan joined with the Allied Pow-
ers because it realized that Eng-
Jand’s, and later America’s, concern |
would leave the,
Far Hastem field free to the Tokio
jn European war
schemes. Japan's first World War
adventure was the seizure of the |
German concession in Kiaochow,
Shantune province. Next Japan and
Britain made a secret treaty to di-
vide the German South Sea isiands
among themselves.
The war was a golden opportun-
ity for Japanese imperialism to fur-
ther its conquest in China. Then
ruling in Peiping, before the advent
of the Kuomintang as the jeadin=
political factor of the Chinese Re
public, was the Anfu clique.
The Anfus were the most corrupt
successors of the Manchu manda-
rins, agents of Japanese imperial-
ism. They virtually sold China out
¢o Japanese imperialism for the
Wishihara loans, outright bribes the
accurate sum of which has never
peen determined. The Anfus signed
the infamous 21 demands giving
Japan the upper hand in China.
The tremendous anti-imperialist
movement in China, however, later
repudiated these infamous demands.
In 1922, the US called what was
known as the Washington confer-
ence. Strengthened by the World
War, American imperialism decid-
ed to call for a show-down on rela-
five naval strength -in the Pacific
and on the attitude of its competi-
tor Japan towards China. American
antagonism to Japan bad strongly
influenced Japan’s withdrawal from
Soviet Siberia and had helped to
prevent Japan’s seizure of the Chin-
ese Bastern Railway in Manchuria.
Forced To Retreat
Because the United States in
1922 was able to smash the
Angio-Japanese alliance, Japan was
forced to retreat on the issue of
paval parity with Britain and the
United States. Japan was compel-
Jed to sign the Nine-Power Treaty
ostensibly guaranteeing the integ-
rity of China. Later Japan was
forced to disgorge Kjachow and
delay the carrying out of the 21
demands.
In 1923, a huge earthquake struck
Japan, causing 2 $10,000,000,000 loss,
further impeding Japan’s plans of
conquest.
Not for a moment though did the
Japanese military clique pause in
its scheming for the ultimate con-
quest of China.
In 1925-27 the rise of the anti-
imperialist movement and the ini-
tial unity of the Kuomintang and
Communist Parties, gave China the
offensive against imperialism. The
Japanese jmperialists pbided their
time. In 1928, as a preliminary to
¢heicr seizure of Manchuria, they
assassinated Gen. Chang Tso-lin, |
their erstwhile tool in Manchuria.
Then the world economic crisis
ghook international capitalism in
7929. At the height of this erisis
in 1931, Japan decided to unleash
its most ambitious scheme for the
dismemberment of China.
In 1927, Baron Tanaka had writ-
ten down the aims of the Japanese
in his famous memorial to the En-
peror. That memorial is actually 2
pblue-print of Japanese invasion in
the ten years that followed. It has
been observed in the minutest de-
tail. It calls ultimately for war of
Japan against the United States
and the Soviet Union.
On Sept. 18, 1931, the Japanese
Tewantung army struck at Mukden,
capital of Manchuria. Japanese
troops overran the whole of Man-
ehuria. The- Chiang Kai-shek gov-
ernment did not then resist. It was
busily engaged in fighting the Red
Army Which was the inheritor of
the great anti-mperialist struggles
of 1925-1927, and representative of
remained true to
the forces which
DENTIST
DR-Dowcras
@5£Y: 5577- =
COR- RICHARDS & HASTINGS
Tawantung lease of | ganized endeavor on
tne part of all
workers for their mutual benefit,
| protection and alleviation of dis-
| tress;
| (b) To secure the enactment of
legislation and regulations designed
to restore reasonable economic in-
dependence and decent standards of
| Jiving to those workers now impoy-
erished and dependent upon relief;
| (c) Lo impress upon the author-
| ities and general public those condi-
| tions arising from prolonged unem-
| ployment and inadequate relief
| measures which now menace the
| safety and well-being of the entire
community;
(a) To
such measures designed to maintain
wages in conformity to an inereased
cost of living;
(e) To act locally. for the redress
of grievances and, failing local ad-
justment, to act provincially or na-
tionally;
(f) To encourage all community or-
eanizations, interested in the gen-
eral welfare of the people as a whole,
fo participate by affiliating to this
conference.
secure the enactment of
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Organization.
Officers: Officers shall consist
of chairman, wice-chairman, secre—
tary-treasurer and chairman of the
following committees: Unemploy-
ment, Mining, Agriculture, Wish-
eries (depending on local conditions).
Officers shall be elected from the
conference as a whole.
Executive Committee shall consist
of table officers and chairmen of
standing committees and shall meet
before every meeting of the. confer-
ence to prepare agenda and examine
pusiness coming before the confer-
ence (this does not necessarily pre-
vent matters from being presented
from the floor).
Auditors shell be elected from the
conference for each audit and an
audited statement shall be presented
monthly.
Membership shall consist of two
delegates from each affiliated group.
Dues to be determined locally.
lection of officers: Officers shall
be elected every six months.
Organization: It shall be the duty
of each conference to promote and
assist conferences in such areas
where no conferences exist.
Proviso: Permitting variations to
suit local conditions and also allow-
ing provision for sub-councils in
specific areas.
the ideas of Dr. Sun. Yat-sen of
Gommunist—Koumintang unity.
After the bitter lesson of the Jap-
anese conquest of Manchuria, the
Kuomintang began to realize the
necessity of accepting the Commun-
ist proposals of unity.
Force Unity
Japan was forced to delay its
plans of further conquest in
1933, after the severe resistance of
the Chinese at Chapei, and in Cha-
har and Jehol. In 1933, however, the
secret Tangku treaty was signed.
In 1936 the Japanese attempted to
continue their plot to dismember
Ghina. Mongol princes were bribed.
Mercenary troops were concentrat-
ed on the Chabar-Suiyuan border.
The aim was to drive through Sui-
yuan. Previously the Red Army of
China had moved to the North
after its historic trek of 7000 miles.
The defensive forces of China in
the Northwest were strengthened
and inspired.
The Suiyuan defenders defeat-
ed the Japanese-led Mongol troops.
Japan was forced to delay its plan.
A crisis developed in Japan? The
Japanese repudiated the semi-lasc-
ist Wayashi government. Then
came the Konoe Cabinet. A treaty
had been made with Hlitler. Japan
Jooked to the Spanish Fascist inter-
vention as its opportunity to con-
tinue its historic plunder of China.
On July 7, 1937, the Japanese
stealthily attacked at Lukouchiao
to continue the long train of terri-
torial robbery besun in 1879.
But China had passed through a
tremendous political change. A
Fi he
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Gaptured at Villaneuva del Pardillo during the
are questioned at the Madrid war office. Many of
government offensive in Spain, the captured rebels
them later joined the Loyalist forces.
__ UNION
BRIEF
(Gontinued from page 1)
Jewelry Workers Negotiate
tions with employers.
September 15.
Union Here Seeking Pact
Covering Wages, Conditions
Seeking a stabilized wage scale in the jewelry manufac-
turing and repairing industry in
national Jewelry Workers Union,
Deadline for
Vancouver, Local 42, Inter-
here, has opened negotia-
discussion is set at
“The uneven wage scale which
exists in the industry at the present
time are working a hardship on the
majority of the employees,” states
William Richardson, secretary of
the union, in a press release to the
PA this week.
“This condition prevents the in-
dustry from becoming stabilized
and does not permit security to
either those working at the trade
or employers.”
The new proposed agreement
would include 90 cents an hour
minimum wage, five years’ appren-
ticeship and two years’ “improver-
ship,” a forty-four hour week, time
and a half for overtime, and closed
shop agreements.
Thousands
In BC See
Spain Film
$190 Collected
At Vernon; $112
At Saimon Arm
Dr. Norman Bethune’s great film,
“eart of Spain’ is being taken to
various parts of the province, prior
to being returned to Toronto, by ex-
ecutive members of the Canadian
League for Peace and Democracy.
PORT ALBERNI, BC. — Two
showings had to he made in one
evening to accommodate the large
number of people who were anxious
to see ‘The Heart of Spain” here.
SALMON ARM, BC.— Between 500
and 600 people, many of whom came
jong distances, crowded into the sym
hall here last week to hear Dr. Nor-
man Bethune and see “Phe Heart
of Spain.”
The sum of $112.44 was collected.
VERNON, BC.—Following 2 show-
ing of “The Heart of Spain’ here
last week and an address by Dr.
Norman Bethune, $190 was collected.
mighty Red Army had grown up.
The proffers of unity were falling
on more responsible ears. The Kuo- |
Communist
Party
on the Air .--: -
EVERY TUESDAY
7:30 to 7
High. 3244
716 Bast Hastings Street
4068 East Hastings Street
1709 Commercial Drive
Quality Products at
Rioderate Prices
te Deliver to Feast Bnd
ae Grandview Jlomes
eS
eT hritty Housewives
Shop at
Hasting
CjOR ||
S
100% UNI!
mintange began to understand that |
China was doomed unless it united.
confronted Jap-|
of aggrandiza-
A united China
an’s latest efforts
ment. |
Will the latest Japanese attempt |
at slicing away China meet with
the united resistance of the Chinese |
people? |
ai- |
points in t hat
Everything
rection.
Sawdust 3
Burners
For Stoves, Restaurant Ranges,
Heaters, Boilers, Furnaces,
and Bake Ovens
the new 8 Streamline
Kitchen Unit. Fiirst class fire-
brick installations, $29.00 Up
LEADER BURNERS
823 Alexander Ave., Vancouver
~Phon Doug. 390
oe ~~ = TAP oe
ep!
see
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| to the PAP maintenance fund.
|
Some 800 people attended the
meeting.
PAP Presenting
One-Act Plays
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Three one-act plays will be pre-
sented by the Progressive Arts
Players of Vancouver at their club-
rooms, 1273 Granville street, this
Saturday, August 21, §:30 pm, in a
special memorial performance for
“Paddy O'Neill. Progressive Arts
member killed while serving in the
Mackenzie-Papineau pattalion in
Spain.
Plays to be presented are: Hostage,
by Harold Griffin, PAP chairman;
Gentlemen Be Seated, directed by |
Sophie Shaffer; and Blocks, directed
by Harry Louis. In addition, there
will be concert numbers.
Admission will be 25 cents. Halt |
of the proceeds will be donated to
fhe Mriends of the Mackenzie-
Papineau battalion. the other half)
Patronize Our Advertisers
. Gome to the -..-
F.M.P.B. Concert & Dance |
SATURDAY, AUG. 28, at S p.m.
724 Fort Street. Victoria, B.C.
One-act plays will be presented by Progressive Arts Play-
ers of Vancouver and Progressive
ADVANCE YOUTH CLUB ORCHESTRA
Auspices Friends of the Wackenzie-Papineau Battalion
TICKETS: 25 cents
RS < = Ee eae |
Arts Club of Victoria
LABOR BACKS
DEMAND FOR
WORKS PLAN
Protests Co. Union
‘Charter To
Congress
Highlights at ‘the Trades and
Labor Council meeting this week
were:
Bakery Workers’ union reported
the signing of a closed shop agree-
ment with the Women’s Bakery-
Local 279, Retail Clerks’
requested assistance from the organ-
jzational commiittee, in its campaign
for membership.
Powell River Sentiment against
all Burns products has made local
merchants reduce their orders to 20
per cent of normal.
The Fire Fighters’ local donated
$10 to the Burns strikers-
Plumbers and Steamfitters’ union
donated $10 to Domestic Workers’
union.
Resolution protesting the grant-
ing of a union charter to Scott's
cafe was ordered sent to the Trades
and Labor Congress.
Request will be forwarded to the
Trades and Labor Congress that it
hold its 1938 convention in VWancou-
ver.
Single unemployed workers’ reSo-
lution calling for, the establishment
of public works, was endorsed.
A hearing will tbe granted at the
next meeting of the Trades and
Ihabor Council to a representative
from the Friends’ of the Mackenzie-
Papineau battalion-
union,
‘Hostage’ Proves
Success On Tour
First of the Progressive Arts’
new mobile productions to go on
tour, Hostage, Harold Griffin's one-
act play on the Spanish war, is
meeting with favorable
Presented at White Rock two weeks
ago under auspices of the Friends
of the Mackenzie-Papineau battalion,
it is scheduled for presentation at
Victoria, also under FMPSB auspices,
on Saturday, August 28, and in
Surrey at a date not yet announced.
Performances are also being
ranged at other points on Vancouver
Island and the Lower Mainland.
make her first
Scheduled to
public appearance in Vancouver
under the auspices of the Wom-
en’s Delegation Committee, Wirs.
Elizabeth Kerr, recently returned
from the Soviet Union, will speak
at the Moose Hall, 638 Burrard
Street, Sunday. August 22, 5 pm-
Admission is iree.
A keen observer, Mrs. Kerr can
be counted on to depict 2 clear
picture of the Seviet scene. For
the past ten days she has been
on Wancouver Island giving lee-
tures on invitation of Colin Cam-
eron, MiLA-elect, and at the CGE
summer school
Cumberland
Gives $25
To PA Fund
response. |
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ar-| Creek
| made at this meeting.
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| union here when the Royal City cafe
reinstate a}
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UMWA Says PA
Vital Factor In
Trade Unionism
From Cumberland local, United
Mine
Workers of America, the
People’s Advocate this week re-
ceived a donation of $25 to the
maintenance fund.
In 2 covering letter, James Rob-
ertson, secretary-treasure, states:
“We sincerely hope that other
trade unions throughout SBritish
Columbia and other provinces will
come to the aid of your progressive
agreement submitted to the com-
panies.
The demands for union recogni-
tion and the wage increases referred
to above have already been present
ed to the officials of the Canadian
Collieries (Dunsmuir), Limited, and
the Western Fuel Corporation of
Canada, Limited, by representatives
of Nanaimo and Gumberiand local
unions acting in conjunction with
the officials of District 18, United
Mine Workers of America.
The demands of the Union for
recognition have been granted by
the companies on condition that
the union agrees to take over the
existing contract at Cumberland
and the rates as posted by the
Western Fuel Corporation of
Canada, Limited, at the mines at
nanaimo in January, 1923. This
position was later confirmed by
the companies in their statement
in reply te the application for
establishment of a board of con-
ciliation and investigation, dated
at Cumberland, BG, July 21, 137,
copy of wh9ich is attached
hereto.
“No Wages In Dispute.
We feel, therefore, that the ques-
tion of union recognition is no!
longer a matter in dispute as it is
very evident to us that the respons—
ible officers of the Canadian Col-
lieries (Munsmuir), Limited, recog-
nize the inalienable right of their
employees to become members of
the union of their choice, and in
this connection we wish to com-
mend Lieut.-Col. Charles W. Vil-
liers, managing director of the
aforementioned companies, and his
associates in adopting an attitude
that is in keeping with progressive-—
minded industrialists in all demo-
cratic countries and we are satis-
fied that had those who were
charged with the responsibility of
the mine management in the earlier
stages of coal production on Van-
couver Island, extended the same
rights to their employees and
shown the same industrial states-
Imanship, many of the difficulties
encountered and the hardships en-
dured by our people would have
peen wisely eliminated.
The Canadian Collieries (Duns-
muir), Limited, take the position
that the agreement entered into on
the 2ist day of November, 1934, and
paper. We feel, and this was stressed
at our meeting last night, that the
circulation of the People’s Advocate
must be kept up because of the vital
part it plays in the trade union
movement.
“The meeting also elected myself
as official correspondent of the PAP
and the Clarion.”
According to Phil Gibbens, circula-
tion manager, the PA drive for 2,000
new subseribers, after climbing
rapidly to top the 700 mark during:
the past three or four weeks, has
slowed down. °
“Of course, the 700 odd new sub-
seribers we have gained in the past
few weeks by no means represent
our total fain in circulation,” he
stated this week. ‘“‘Bundle orders
have been doubled in many in-
stances. But we ask all our readers
to aid us in putting this drive over
the top. Cireulation is the life-blood
of a progressive newspaper.”
extended on the 7th of February,
1936, terminating October $1, 1938,
unless othergise terminated as pro-
vided for in the terms of the said
agreement, copy of which is at-
tached hereto, and marked “Ex-
hibit No. 3,” is still operative and
binding on both parties until Octo-
ber, 1938.
The union, on the other hand,
contend that when the employees
exercised their right and served
notice on the company that they
desired to modify the contract; hav-
ing done so and failed to secure the
necessary modification they de-
sired, that the agreement is null
and void. -
The need for higher rates of pay
than those specified in the agree-
ment at Cumberland and those
posted at the mines at N@&=aimo,
has apparently been recognized
by the companies, themselves, as
being too low and have, there-
Five subscriptions were received
from Revelstoke this week and an-
other five from Allison MHarbor,
while Gowichan has ordered two
new bundles totaling 35 copies.
Advocate False
Creek Program
Sponsored by the Broadway East
branch of the Communist party, 2
meetine to demand a clean-up of
disease-ridden False Creek areas,
has been called for Friday, August
28. 8 pm, IOOF Hall, Sixth and
Main, to which a number of com-
munity organizations in the Mount
leasant district have been inyited.
Speakers will be: Alderman A.
Hurry, J. Jopson of the Vancouver
Youth Council and R. Lealess who
will present a practicable health
and works program calling for a
rat-extermination campaign, clear-
ing and cultivating of yacant lots,
draining of stagnant pools, clearings
of garbage dumps and the pbuilding
of a reereational park on False
flats. Suggestions for the
financing of this program will be
Taxpayers Rap
Burnaby Policy
balance.
erowded
out the
At a protest
| Tuesday, held by Vancouver Heigh
Ratepayers’ Association in Hursts
hall, resolutions - were
privilege of working out
rears
tax
delegation will
eraser.
see
Cafe Capitulates
As Strike Looms |
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Burnaby taxpayers are “clin
| against demands for a cash payment
of anything up to $50 on tax arears
before sranting of contracts to work
meeting |
Ss
passed con-
demuing this policy which is tanta-
mount to chargsing taxpayers for the
ar- |
Protest meetings are beings called | &
throughout the municipality and a |
Commissioner |
| Trade Unionists:
fore, paid in some instances, above
the scale which they had by con-
tract guaranteed to pay-
Agreement Inadequate.
The mine workers do not have to
plead the inadequacy of the entire
structure of such an agreement as
the companies themselves have fully
demonstrated such to be a fact.
We were of the opinion that it
would not have been necessary to
apply for a board under the Indus-
trial Disputes Investigation Act to
settle this question, as the just de-
mands of the mine workers are so
rreasonable and in keeping with the
almost universal increases In wages
which have taken place throughout
the North American continent, most
sufficient to enable them to live in
conformity with the Ganadian stan-
dard of living that is recognized by
the government and people of this
dominion.
The companies’ proposal to make
an agreement on the Same basis as
rates now being paid, is tatamount
to a reduction in wages when one
considers the increased cost of liv-
ing since that agreement was made
operative in the year 1934. This wall
be substantiated by evidence sub-
mitted during the hearing. There
is, in all probability, not a single
intelligent observer of current
events who does not expect a fairly
long continued upward movenient
in prices. We, therefore, submit,
in asking for an agreement based
on the demands contained herein,
that our demands are just and rea-
sonable and in keeping with present
day conditions.
During the conferences held with
the representatives of the coal com-
panies we were reminded of the an-
nual earnings of some of the em-
ployees and that the increased cost
of living should be compared with
the annual earnings and not with
the rates of pay.
Translated into other terms, this
eontention on their part means
that when the opportunity for em-
ployment is restricted, that the
+‘orkman should suffer, but if the
field for employment expands, the
worker should be content because
he has been given an opportunity to
work—he should not seek to im-
prove his condition by having his
wage rates advanced. He should be
thankful, the operators intimate,
that he can work longer, even by
working overtime and on Sundays,
so that he may be able to subsist
qn the face of constantly advancing
level of prices.
Want Living Wage.
The desire of the mine workers is
for a living wage but they do not
accept a living wage the modest
sum which scientists set forth es
the minimum amount necessary for
bare subsistence. They were, aud
are still, somewhat afraid that ar-
bitration decision based on 2 low
seale of living might become stum-
bling blocks in the way of future
progress. For the workers, even
the lowest of them, do not want to
look forward to living on a per-
manent level of more subsistence
as determined by scientific analy—
Sis of human needs. Their aspira—
tions are for something higher, for
an ever-increasing participation in
the ever-increasing productivity of
industry.
The United Mine Workers of
America recognize the necessity for
the maintenance of industrial peace
and uninterrupted production in the
coal mines on Vancouver Island,
hence the reason for our application
to the department of labor for the
establishment of this honorable
board and we are keenly conscious
of the far-reaching results which
would obtain from a stoppage of
work that would, undoubtedly, cause
some distress to the public and be
attended by serious and wide-spread
dislocations in other industries. It is
jn this spirit that we approach the
hearings of this board of concilia-
tion and investigation and welcome
its appointment, having complete
faith in the justice of our case and
believe that an impartial analysis
of the facts will vindicate our con-
tentions. We wish, without reserve,
to assist your honorable board in
every way within our power, in ar
riving at the true facts, believing
the board will mete out to the mem-—
pers of the United Mine Workers of
America that full measure of jus-
tice to which they are so justly
entitled.
Respectiully submitted on behalf
of District 18, United Mine Workers
of America, by its policy commit-
tee.
Gol. Villiers declined to present
the operators’ statement on the
ground that it would be injurious
to their trade and commerce to
have the contents made public, fil-
ing the documents with the board
employers apparently realizing the
necessity for wage increases due to
the increased cost of living and the
necessity for wage-earners to earn
100% UNION HOUSE
“ARLETON CAFE
WHERE QUALITY AND SERVICE IS SUPREME
under oath instead.
Succeeding meetings of the board
have been held in camera.
Try Our Special AT Private Dining Reom
JUMBO MODERATE for Banquets,
WILK SHAKES PRICES Parties, Etc.
We Also Specialize in CHINESE DISHES.
JOHNNY KULAK, Mer.
Telephone: Sey. 4060
PS aOR
—— enter :
ae se Aas er
SPECIAL!
While You Wait...
Heels - - - -
Ladies’ Half-Soles -
$1
Men’s Half Soles and Rubber
-0O0
65e¢
Empire Shoe Repairs
66 East Hastings Street
|
These articles
eress of the Trades and
at Ottawa. Following the
NEW WESTMINSTER, BC, Aug. | will continue his articles,
19. —Rieht to organize was won by | Goneress.
the Hotel and Restaurant Employees | CLARION agents in all p
LA B gents
management agreed to
waitress fired for belonging to the
| union.
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Plans for strike action were being
eafe management
Waitresses
rizht to join the union without inter- |
{
made before the
capitulated, granting
ference.
WEEEBLY. Rates:
|
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| ceedings of the Congress.
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| Vancouver Office:
reviewing
quested to call at the homes of trade
Trade unionists should be regular subscribers of the CLARION
$1.25 for six months or $2.00 for
| All trade unionists are advised to read the special articles by
J. B. SALSBERG now apeparing in the CLARION WEEKLY.
set forth the vital tasks facing the Wational Con-
conclusion of the Congress, J. B- Salsberg
the results of this important
|
Labor Councils of Canada, opening Sept. 13 |
|
|
of British Columbia are Te-
union members and ask them }
arts
to order the delivery of the CLARION WEEBLY so that trade
unionists of B.C. can thoroughly inform themselves of the pro-
one year.
350 W. Pender Street.
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