Page Four

PEOPLE’S

ADVOCATE

April $, 1937

f.

Drama? \
There Is No Freedom for

Women Under Hitler

\ 4

ITLER has declared in@every Fascist state wants war and

ta [- . needs soldi but does not care

public that the party he for the welfare of mothers and

leads is a ee =e Dane In babies. Women advised by the

1923 he said: Citizenship | prissian Home co not foe visit

can for the most part only be | hespitals for their confinement but

to hear their children at home in

inherited by birth.”

“The honest, healthy young man

inherits solemnly the rights

of

Citizenship after doing the full mili-

tary service. The German girl

be-

Jones to the German state but only

becomes 2 Citizen after marriage.
Still it is possible for the i
working German girl to get citizen-

ship.”

With this point in his program
Hitler would never have got a
majority of women yotes in the
elections some years ago. So he

said in 1932: “The working woman
enjoys equal rights in the National-
Socialist State and has the same
Tights to the protection of her
existence and work by the state as
fhe married woman and mother.”
To understand these pronounce-
ments it is necessary to look at
the way in which they are practised.
The German woman has no rights
today. She is thrown out of her
job, to be replaced by men. She is
not admitted to the universities
where there are only a small num-

ber left.
One of the Nazi women leaders,
Anna Zuehike, tells the German

women what their task has to be
in life: “The most marvellous task
which a woman can perform is to
present children to her country and

people .. . Let men think and work
politically, the original duty of
women is, from the days of our

ola German ancestors, to construct
a cultural family life in the life of
the people . . . The return of women
into the home is the aim of our
leader."’
=
VERYWHERE in
3 marriage and the bearing of
children is encouraged by the
State. Young couples get a thousand
marks (about $300) as 2 mariage
Joan from the government. Tf they
have four children they need not
pay it back. Seventy-five dollars
reduction is given for each ehild.
Marriage is encouraged in this
manner for the simple reason that

+ %

+

Germany

le |

order “to strengthen the family in-

stincts,’ yet it is well known that

confinements at home greatly in-
the maternal mortality.
only does the Fascist state

not increase the number of kinder-
eartens and nursing-schools in the
| cities, but in future most of them
are to be closed down. It is argued

that “family-aid is much better
for the development of the ehild
than the most beautiful kinder-
farten."'

Yet the German government is
proud of what it has done for
women, in particular it boasts of
the “Labor Service Year’ which it
has instituted.

The Labor Service Year means a
form of conscription for women.

The girls lose one year’s wage, free-

dom and often their health. They
have to work very hard, mostly
agricultural work for which they
are untrained and often unsuited.
“The Tabor Service Year means
work for the whole of the people
and a sacrifice to the country,”
Say the leaders.
co = = *

EFORE me now sits a girl who
has been imprisoned three
times for lone periods, the first
time when she was only seventeen
years of age. Her crime was to be
the daughter, sister and fiancee of
Socialists.
Once she had been kept for three

days and nights without food in
prison in a _ cell together with
twenty prostitutes- When they

wanted to share their food with her,
they were beaten. Afterwards great
quantities of alcohol were forced
into her to make her talk. “But one
eeis a will like iron in such
moments,’ she said.

Women leave prison infected with
venereal diseases. with broken ribs
and smashed kidneys, ruined for
the rest of their lives. That is the

fate of the finest women in Ger-
many today, who stand for their
rights, for their ideals and fght

Fascism, oppression and starvation.

| \
= \
\ ; x
£

DEFENCE OF G gees ef the International Col-
MADRID “MiIany of them,” he says, “died
By GRORPFREY COX | without ever haying more than a

€limpse of the city they fell to

N this work there is told for
the first time the full story
of the heroic defence of Ma-
drid by a2 newspaperman who
has been described as one of
the most objective of the
numerous correspondents COV=-
ering: the civil war.

Geoffrey Cox is correspondent for
the Liberal News-Chronicle, Juon-
don, and his sympathy for the jus-
tice of the People’s Front govern-
ment’s cause is apparent.

Of the famous International Col-
umn under command of General
Emilio Kleber, Austrian born and
@ naturalized Canadian citizen, Cox
says:

“What a body of men these are!
They form what must be one of the
finest forces of troops the world
has ever seen. . - Had the left wing
movement had no history before
Wovember, 1936, the International
Golumn would by now have given it
one of which any people might be
proud. . . Whether the Spanish gov-
_ermment wins or loses, the men of
the column will provide a force ot
propagandists and trained fighters
who will have a great influence on
the future of Europe.”

Throughout the whole work is
apparent Cox's admiration for the

Erere’s the United States new gunboat Brie- Glassed as a gunboat,
spects, carries a seaplane in a dock hangar, does not come under

she resembles a cruiser in many re
any naval treaty regulations.

Here and There

r

IN A WOMAN’S WORLD

By VICTORIA POST

HEARD this week of a
wife who left her husband,
an 11,A member, because, to
use the husband’s own words,
«.1 wouldn’t break through
the picket line to earn money
for her by scabbing on the
union men.”

To my mind this shows, as

perhaps nothing else could,
what a tremendous influence
we women have in the
struggle for higher wages
and better living conditions.
There aren’t many men who
~wyould be willing to give up their
wives for their unions and there-
fore, it’s up to the women, in their
own interests, to see that this crisis
never arises in their lives. Rather,
we must see that our men get our
active support and sympathy when
they go out on strike.
* =
W the other hand, it’s often the
man’s own fault if his wife
does not respond sympathetically to
his problems and fails to encourage
him in his struggles. Many women
fail to understand, and all too often
because the man has neglected to
explain a situation in detail, just as
he had it explained to him at his
union meeting.
We must educate ourselves to

#

*

Saye. The troops were put straight
into action. .~

“The Thaelmann LGattalion (Ger-
man), attacking again and again
With the fury of men who had suf-
fered in concentration camps, added
to the natural frontal tactics of the

German, were among the heaviest
sufferers.
“Among British volunteers :

there was John Cornford, brilliant
Gambridge graduate. .. His mother
was Frances Cornford, the poet who
wrote of her friend Rupert Brooke:

“4 young Apollo, golden-haired,
stands dreaming on the verge of
strife, magnificently unprepared
for the long liftleness of life.

“How alike were these two men,
Rupert Brooke and John Cornford,”
writes Cox. “Yet what a difference
in the causes for which they fell.”

Hizh in his praise for
Weber, Cox says of him:

General

“General Kleber was at the head
of the first brigade of the Interna-
tionai Column whieh arrived
Madrid on that fateful Sunday, No-
vember 8... The Spanish civil war
is the third in which he has fought,
and the third in which he has had
experience of building up °an army
out of undisciplined masses.”’ ;

in

The Ruling Clawss

By REDFIEL!

“Please, Marmaduke, don’t overwork yourself.’

understand the function of trade
unions if we are going to appreciate
their worth in our economic strug-
eles—economic struggeles which al-
ways bear hardest on the woman in
the home. We must realize that we
too, can play a part in women’s
auxiliaries in furthering our own
interests and aiding our menfolk.
We have been told too long that the
woman’s place is in the home. Now

YOUR TURN

Narrow streets are grey and
grim,

Houses stare from side to side;

Though at noon the sun is dum

Yet he will not always hide.

Shove the bitter solstice past,

Your turn comes, at last, at last.

Shops and houses, plaster, brick,
Rot and crumble year by year 5
Though today the fog 1s thick
Yet I know tomorrow clear.
Look, the black is lifting fast,
Your turn comes, at last, at last.

Grind the poor and grind them

down,
All forbid and all deprive;
Though they die im London
town,

Vet their sons are more alive.

Under London bore and blast,

Your turn comes, at last, at last.
——Naomi Mitchison.

it’s time for us to get out and
carve a niche for ourselves in the

world.

= oa % *
ND now to go from the sublime
io. the ridiculous—or is it so
ridiculous?—and to say a few words
on the sukject of looks: According
to all the recognized signs, spring:
is here and I’ve no doubt there
are many of us who feel winter has
left its mark on our faces. Perhaps
we feel our complexions need a
spring-cleaning and the answer to

the problem is oatmeal.
It’s surprising how little known

A

" Red Army Makes History
\ ——{

bk

(Following are excerpts from a re-%
port of Edgar Snow, London Datly
Herald correspondent tn China, ds
printed in the Evening Post, Shang-
hai. Having described four unsuc-
cessful offensives launched by Chiang
Kai-shek agatnst the Red Army, Snow
relates the orderly withdrawal of Red
Army forces from Kiangst to North
Shensi province after Nanking had
mobilized nearly a million soldiers for
a fifth “campaign of extermination,
which, while indecisive, necessitated re-
tirement of the Red Army to another
base).

The fifth exterminatzon drive be-
gan early in 1934. shortly after ‘the
Second All-CGhina Soviet Congress
had been convened at Juikin, Red
capital in IWiangst. This congress
had been attended by representa-
tives of the nine million people then
living under Soyiet laws. The cen-
tral government then had actual ad-
ministrative control of the e@reuter
part of Kiangsi, and larze areas of
Fukien, and Hunan. There were
other large Soviet districts, not
physically connected with the
Kianesi Soviets, jocated in Honan,
Wupeh, Anhui, Hunan, Szechuan.

Against the Red Army, Chiang
Kai-shek mobilized a total of about
900,000 troops, of whom perhaps
400,000 actively took part in the of-
fensive. He adopted new Stratesy to
make fullest use of his greatest as-
setsS—superior resources, technical
equipment and mechanized warfare.
Majority of Nanking troops were
used to surround Soviet districts,
maintaining more or less stationary
positions, and imposing on them a
strict economic blockade.

Nevertheless, the fifth campaign
failed in its objective to destroy the

living forces of the Red Army. A
military conference Was called at
Juikin. and the Red Army reached

a decision to carry out a strategic
withdrawal, transferring their main

forces to a new base. The plans

for this great expedition, which was
to last a whole year, were very
complete and efficient. They per-
haps revealed ereater military

5

»senius than the Reds had shown in
their periods of offensive.

The Red withdrawal from Kiangsi
evidently was so swittly and secret-
ly managed that the main forces of

their troops, estimated at about
90,000 men, had already been
marching for several days before

enemy headquarters became aware
of what had taken place. They had
mobilized in southeastern Kiangsi,
withdrawing nearly all their regu-
lar troops from the front, and re-
placing them with partisans, these

movements oceurrine always at
night.
When practically the whole Red

Army. was eoncentrated near Juikin,
the order was given for the Great
March. or three nights the Reds
pressed forward. On the fourth they
advanced, totally unexpected, into
the Hunan and Kwangtung lines of
fortifications, They {ook these by
assault, put their astonished enemy

as an inexpensive aid to beauty oat-
meal is. Actually it will take the
place of pretty well all the expen-
sive skin foods which most of us
Simply cannot afford to buy-

* * * a
ATMEAL is a little troublesome
to use, but its effect ceampen-
sates for any trouble -

Put a level teaspoonful of oat-
meal in 2 small cheese cloth or butt
muslin baz and leave it to soak in
a couple of tablespoonfuls of hot
milk until it has taken it up. Mas-
sage your face gently with the bag
using a circular movement till the
bas gets so stiff you can’t move it.
Leaye for three or four minutes
and wash off with warm water—no
soap. If your skin is greasy, use
water instead of milk.

This treatment used twice a week

will give wonderful results to a
tired ‘“‘wintry’ skin.
* = * ¥

pees in Bayonne, New Jersey,
the Standard Oil company of
New Jersey has a cat named Min-
nie, or so I read this weex. Minnie
is “employed” to rid the company’s
refinery there of mice and in that
capacity is on the payroll.

to be beheaded next day by
the Nazis, finished his last
letter to his wite.

publishers
pieces called anthologies on
everything under the sun,

The point around which dissatis-
faction centres is Minnie’s “salary.”
You see, she receives $3.20 a month,
paid to a local grocer for salmon
and milk. Of late, however, what
with the rapid rise in the cost of
living and other things, Standard
Oil workers, who are finding it
more and more difficult to make
their own salaries cover essentials,
have been pondering over the ques-
tion of Minnie’s “salary.”

Their conciusion is that Minnie
receives, in terms of supplying
actual needs, a sum which comes
nearer approximating that received
by Walter C. Teagle, Standard Oil’s

president, than the wages they
themselves get.
* = * +

DON’T think it’s necessary for

me to stress mounting costs of
living. Women, particularly house-
wives and working girls who
“bach,” are noting with alarm that
food prices are continually being
raised while allowances and
wages remain the same. Wage
euts, imposed with alacrity by em-
ployers during, the depression, are
not so promptly restored. And the
problem for those forced to exist
on meagre relief scales, has be-
come intolerable.

My point is, what are the ma-
jority of women prepared to do
about it? High Cost of Living con-
ferences have been set up in various
localities. Why not help in this
work? Unions and unemployed or-
ganizations are working for higher
wages and adequate relief allow-

on the run before they were aware
of what was happening and never
stopped until they had oecupied the
whole ribbon of blockading forts and
entrenchments on that front. This
gave them a road to the south and
west.

Waving broken through into
¥Iunan, the long march began. Con-
stantly pursued and harassed by
enemy troops, bombed from the
air, fighting an averase of a battle
a day, the Red Army marched
through Hunan, Kewanstung,
Kowanegsi, Koweichow, Yunnan,
Szechuan, Hsikong, Chinghai and
ansu, and at last in October, 1935,
the vanguards of the first Red
Army reached North Shensi, where
they connected with the 26th and
27th Red Armies, which had already
established a Soviet region there in
1933.

This march, farthest

from its

point in fukien province and with
all its twists and turns is said to
have totalled nearly 25,000 EUG ope
about §,000 miles. However, one
may, feel; it “is impossible not to
recognize that the long march—the
Ch’ane Cheng, as they Gall it

must go down as one of the great
exploits of military history.

£$6$554SS OS OS SSS OOO SPOOLS OOOO OES SOS VG OS OO

AN AMERICAN TESTAMENT

JOSEPH FREEMAN

Very rarely is

3.00

an autobiography important as a work of art, a

creation with such depth and meaning that it seems to contain the

whole of an era as well as man.

Mr. Freeman’s record is in the

truest sense a testament of our times, worthy to rank with “The

Education of Henry Adams.”

NEW AGE BOOKSHOP

é

350 W. Pender St.
Vancouver, B.C.

3

held only one thing dearer
than you. But among human
beings you were first in my
heart. :
ITH these words, a Com-
munist leader, who was

From time to time book’
issue collected

from cookery to love letters.
In any future yolume of love
letters they will have to in-|
clude this letter by Edgar
Andre, who was beheaded in
November. It was published

recently.

“You know that to the last IT am
the same as of old,” he wrote.
“There is just one thing more that
I want to do—thank you for the
ten happy years (and even for the

Va XL
Kate Collett Writes on the
\ —{
“Why write much more % NDRE continues with a passage
about it—you know that I which is a perfect expression

of the thoughts of a man who, fac-
ing death, knows that the struggle
for which he lived must be carried

cheerfully forward by those who
are left:—
“Fate comes to all men, to those

in one way, to those in another;
to some earlier, to others later. My
xwish is that you shall not worry
long, but seek and find some
¢tmie and fearless man who shall be
your friend and support.

Until the last I know that
your thoughts will often ¢o to your
old friend and true comrade.

“7 haye defended myself to the
end and TI return to the void with
no regrets.

“Tjive happy, Mutti, true and be-
loved, courageous and good. IT kiss
you with all my heart.”

“Nutti'—the name given by

Andre to his wite—is the German
diminutive for mother—Jittle
mother. But Mut is also the German
word for courage-

Women readers will want Ed-
ears “Mutti? to know how they ad-

years spent here) that IT have | mire her courage. The publication

known. : | of this exquisite letter will keep
“Tt is, thanks chiefly to you, that | green in thousands of hearts their

I remain steadfast to the last.” } love for Edgar Andre.

aoe nn oe ee ne ss 9-80

CHEC

:
:
:

Editor: CAPT. J. C. DAVIDSON
eae Se ee ee ee

Games, problems, solutions, etc., <
will be weleomed by the Editor,
Room 10, 163 West Hastings St.,

Vancouver.
=

PROBLEM NO. 2

* me

\

Wha, WW

Va

Uy

By D. McKELVIE

Black 7, 19, 24.
White 28, 30, K-27.
White to play and win.

* = * *
SOLUTION TO PROBLEM NO. 1
Black 7, 12, 18, 22.

White 16, 19, 30, K-9.
White to play and win.

944 27-31 27-81b 27-24 24-15
18-23 25-22 26-23 18-15 16-114
44-18 31-27 31-27 7-10 15- 8

R53-97 30-26a 23-18c 16- 6 22-18
18-25 White wins by first position.

(a) 30-26 only move to win.

(b) 27-24 loses by 26-23, 24-15, 23-18,
12-19; 18-2. :

(ec) 22-18 only draws by 7-10, 16-11,
27-24, 18-15, 12-16.

(a) White must throw the man
16-11. To king up with the man on
§ would lose the move and allow

the draw.

* *

In the following game the present
world’s championd R. Stewart,
missed a win.

GAME NO. 3
B—N. BE. Banks W.—R. Stewart

* *

12-16 § 5-14 8-15 T-lla 10-26
94-20 25-22 22-17 26-22 30-23
§-12 16-19 4- 8 2- 7 5- 9

28-24 25-15 32-28 27-24 31-26
9-14 11-25 8-12 12-16 9-14

99-18 29-22 28-24 17-13 26-22
3- 8 12-16 1-5 14-18 7-10

ig- 9 20-11 24-20 23-14 22-17
Drawn

(a) The losing move 12-16 leads to
an easy draw.

NOTES

KERS

ANALYSES

7- 3 26-19 3- 8 White wins.
The. above game was played in
the match for the world’s champion-
ship between Robert Stewart of
Scotland, and Newall E. Banks of
the USA. Played in Glasgow in 1922,
Stewart winning by two games to
one with 37 draws.
% = = =
Answers to Correspondents

R. Pratt—The first International
team mateh between Great Britain
and the USA was played in Boston,

1905. Won by Great Britain with
the score of 73 games to 34 with
284 draws.

T. Blair—The age and origin not
known. Traces of the game have
been found in ancient Egypt, China,
Greece and Rome.

+ + * *

ITEMS OF INTEREST
C. M. McDonald of the South
Vancouver Checker club, was the
winner of the Minor championship.
= =

= aed

W.. Robertson—Games submitted
too late for this week’s publication,

under consideration for next week's
issue.

IT PAYS

. .. to relax with a book. Good
fiction and used magazines can
be had in the following districts
teres

e
BROADWAY WEST

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VICTORIA ROAD
Victoria Magazine

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tnore reason we must learn the| 221s 6-9 13-6 24-27 18- 9 ext to Victoria Theatre
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Organ of the Lumber & Sawmill

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