S ; i 4 iy 7 rae Fee eae) Page Six corieke “8 B.C. WORKERS NEWS B.C. WorkERS NEWS Published Weekly by THH PROLETARIAN PUBLISHING ASSOCIATION Room 10, i63 West Hastings Street, Vancouver, B.C. Telephone: Trinity 2019 One Year $1.80 Half Year = $1.00 Three Months _______ .50 Single Copy Make All Checks Payable to the B.C. WORKERS’ NEWS Send All Copy and Manuscript to the Chairman of the Edottortal Board. Bend All Monies and Letters Pertaining to Advertising and Girculation to the Business Manager. Vancouver, B.C., Friday, January 15, 1937 Unionize the Waterfront He ISSUE of the J.L.A. strike in Vancouver indicates a ‘number of serious weaknesses which Vancouver longshore- men would do well to study. Since its beginning an idea has pre vailed generally in the ranks of the leading members of the T.L.A. “that it would soon be settled,” and that “our conditions will be won down below” (referring to possible agreements made in ’Frisco and covering B.C. ports). Needless to say, such a line is disastrous to any strike, since it weakens militant organization and action. Secondly, the policy of the I.L.A. organization of the Van- eouver waterfront—of bringing in the hundreds of non-union men who have been working throughout the strike. This policy has been kept a deep “secret,” known only to a few, who may have their own reasons for keeping it so. One of the chief reasons for this secrecy of organization and lack of open and aggressive effort lies in the past, that the bulk of the strike committee still think in terms of making local 38-126 conform: to the amount of work available on coastwise shipping. That is, not to recruit any more men into the I. L.A. than what they think the Shipping Federation syill require under normal coastwise shipping eonditions. With such a “secrecy” and such a lackadaisical policy of organization, it is painfully obvious that the strike must drag out a protracted existence, with the I.L.A. local holding little attraction for the potential trade unionists now on the job. Tt has been stated on good authority that the Shipping Federa- tion haye already indicated to I.L.A. officials their agreement to concede local 38-126 the coastwise work, and to reserve for their Fink and company-union crews all deep-sea work. This pnderstanding—even if not aythentic im every detail—hbars the “y_& D.° union men from ever becoming part of the I.L.A., and gives the I.L.A: the assurance that whatever agreements may be reached, their services as company unions are considered as perma- nent by the Shipping Federation. For the 1.L.A. in Vancouver, this strike must be won before an agreement is signed “down below,” not after. A frank open declaration of policy, an aggressive campaign of organization, svill add hundreds of new members to the 1.L.A. and establish it on the Vancouver waterfront. The bringing in of the blacklisted No. 1 men and the setting of a “deadline” for entry into the I.L.A. will raise the strike to a new and living level, and one that will command the support of organized labor everywhere: A continuance of the present policy of inaction and hole-in-corner politics will end in disastrous de- feat, open up a long period of internecine and guerilla warfare between the unions for jobs, give the Shipping Federation what they hope for—a disunited labor movement, and fertilize the soil for an isolated “Canadian” union on the Vancouver waterfront. There is still time for action. Speculation on the end of the strike is futile and dangerous. All obstacles that have been ere- ated by “secret” organizing plans must be swept aside. To end a strike the way it should end, it must be made effective. Lo make it effective, the I.L.A. must begin in earnest to “mionize the yvaterfront!” Up to the present its policy has been one of inaction and stupor. : “Tmionize the waterfront” is a slogan we wholeheartedly en- dorse. To make it a living reality, local 38-127 must begin to put it into operation ; to convince the longshoremen on the picket line and on the job that it can be made to serve the interests of }oth, as against the interests of the Shipping Federation or any one group of aspiring union ofucials. a es) Parliament Meets HE SECOND session of the present Federal Parliament has opened, and from all signs the King Government is going to do the work of the Holts and the Beattys more openly and more eynically than ever. Already it has been intimated that relief grants are to be reduced. while many millions more are to be expended for war purposes. While denying military commitment to the British government, there is abundant proof that King and his munisters during their last visit to London, hitched Canada more closely to the imperialist war chariot. Capitalist parliaments are not yet wholly wnresponsive to public pressure, and the people of Canada should flood the g@oy- ernment with protests against the hunger and war program. Trade nnions, working-class political parties and all progressive organiza- tions and people should let King and his ministers know that they are unalterably opposed to their proposals for increasing the war machine while condemning unemployed workers to oD be Co greater suffering. oss ‘ Lenin, 1870-1924 | A LL OVER the world workers and all people who thirst for liberty will commemorate the life of the great international revolutionary leader who led the people of Russia to victory over capitalism. When in November, 1917, capitalism was over- thrown in Russia and the dictatorship of the proletariat estab- lished, Lenin, leader of the Communist Party, was pictured in the capitalist press and from rostrums as a madman, with predic- tions of the early fall of the new state power. Nearly two decades have passed and it is now generally and everywhere acknowledged that the Soviet power is unshakable and indestructible. Private property in the means of production and the exploitation of man by man have been abolished once and for all. Public, socialist ownership of the means of production and a socialist economic system now prevail and constitute the foundation of the workers’ and peasants’ state. The exploiters have been destroyed as a class; there is no place for them in the Soviet social system. Through revolution, capitalist state intervention, counter- revolution, civil war and Trotskyist-Gestapo counter-revolution and assassination, the vanguard of the workers and peasants, organized in a Communist Party, battled its way to socialist construction and a better life. Its record is written in the new Soviet Constitution which guarantees to every worker, farmer, intellectual and all useful citizens the right to work and enjoy democratic liberties unknown in any other country. Lenin, great Marxist, teacher and organizer, builded well. When struck down by the murderous hand of Social “revolution- aries,” the firm and true hand of Stalin guided the ship of state. Tn these days of capitalist efforts to preserve their disintegrating system of exploitation by means of fascism, the great Soviet Union stands out as a glorious example of what the human race is capable of once it js freed from the shackles of wage bondage and capitalist rule. As the capitalist nations are rushing headlong to world war, the Soviet Union is the great world leader in the cause ot presery- ing the peace of the world. And long after capitalist statesmen are foreotten except for their crimes, the name of Lenin will shine in wndimmed lustre, as his life’s work brings results in the mighty Soviet Union which his genius established, in the Com- munist International which he founded, in the Communist Par- Hes of the world which lead the great world struggle for unity LENIN - -2 A Deathless Name By T. A. EWEN. In the year 1870, on Apr! 22nd, the village of Simbirsx on the Volga was enriched with a new citizen. Doubtless Simbirsk went about its business on that day without un- toward excitement, while the rest of the world was certainly quite un- perturbed over the event. Perhaps the neighbors commented on Marya Alexandrovna’s new son, and per- haps the little mother worried about the extra mouth to feed in a grow- ing family as she nursed the new- born child ... this son that was to become the living embodiment of the revolutionary workingelass of all lands. This son Lenin, whose name was to become the symbol] of all the exploited and op- pressed toilers of the world, as well as the liberator of his native land from the yoke of Tzarist oppres- sion. Fifty-four years afterwards, when death claimed this citizen of Sim- pbirsk, the whole proletarian world mourned an irreparable loss. ‘J.enin is dead.’ In hushed con- vyersation ... in screaming headlines — the dread message Swept over continents and seas. Deep in the mines, in logging camps, on ships, on the waterfront of the world, in the sweating hells of Bombay, Cal- ecutta, Shanghai, and in the ghettos of London and New York—“‘Lenin is dead.” The class-instincts of exploiter and exploited reacted sharply in fhe first hours of shock at this message. The workingclass even the most backward, felt some thing of the magnitude of this great Joss, and universally sorrowed. The international bourgeoisie, habitual- ly hypocritical, could not hide their glee. “Now this madness which the genius of Lenin had engineered in Russia would be prought to an end.” Fondly they hoped that the 170 millions of people of the U.S.S-R. that had been liberated from the tyranny of capitalist exploitation under the leadership and teachings of Lenin, would again be delivered to the rule of the landlords and eapitalists as 4 result of his un- timely passing- They reckoned without knowledge of Lenin's gen- jus and its heritage- The Lenin That Was. In 1848 Marx wrote into the “Com-— munist. Manifesto” prophetic words ¢hat heralded a mass awakening of ¢he Huropean workingelass; “a spec- tre is haunting Europe, the spectre of Communism.” Seventy odd years Jater, with the revolutionary and scientific works of Marx as his guide, Lenin clother this spectre with virile flesh and blood. On the unshakable foundation of reyvolu- tionary Marxism, Lenin led the Rus- sian peasants and workers over the threshold of a Socialist state. For a quarter of a century he taught his people _ at home and from exile, of their mighty resources and potential power. For a quarter of a eentury he prepared his people for 1917. and the great Socialist State of Federated Soviet Republics is monumental evidence of the genius of a Leader. : He led them through the years of war-communism when the imper- jalist wolves were banded together on twenty-one fronts for the de- struction of the first Soviet State. fie led his people through the first trying years of economic hardship and slow recovery when the ruin created by the interventionists had to serve the economy of a vast nation, and until the economic after- math of famine and civil war could be replaced by socialist construc- tion. We laid the foundation of a great industrial state that was to bind the poor peasant and the industrial worker in one indivisable whole and permit the unleashing of productive force and creative enerey such as the world has never seen. A foree that has turned the creative genius of a great nation to the common food of humanity. A force that has made sacred the right to work and live, and ended forever the exploita- tion of man by man. Gonfidence Never Wavered The years from 1887 to the day of his death were years devoted to a cause; the science of revolution and the SUPREMACY OF THE TOIL-- ER. The translation of revolution—- ary Marxism into life, and the blaz- ing of a trail that has and will change the whole course of human development. Scorning the revision- ists and Austro-Marxists in the eamp of Kautsky, who reduced revolutionary Marxism to a parlor philosophy, and finally drovmed it in the blood of the Vienna workers in February of 1934; scorning the Menshevik Trotsky, whose followers even now, while they pollute the name of Lenin by a Kautsky-like adoption of his teachings, stoop to every infamy . . even to assassi- nation, to destroy his work. Hunted by Tsarist police spies; imprisoned; in exile from his native land; driven from pillar to post; his faith in his people never wavered. And living to see his life’s work firmly estab- lished in the soil and hearts of his beloved Russia. An indomitable courage. that analyzed instead of succumbing to deteat. Such was Lenin. A facile pen that trans- mitted in simple language. the monumental work of a mighty brain, in Order that the oppressed of all lands might easier find the path to a better life and a real and lasting liberty. Living works, printed in every lanfuace, treasured by ywork-— ers, bik white and yellow. A priceles ft to posterity . =: from an Internationalist who sa Fed- eration Soviet S of World ing in peac and happin s as we now and feel inspired by the one he founded—the UT.S:S-R.- Even while Lenin was giving the See against fascist reaction, hunger and war. confidence in its ability and power, he gathered together the revolution- ary workers cast adrift from the wreckage of the Second Interna- tional, and in Mareh of 1919 found- ed the Communist International. The inheritor of all the glorious traditions of the First International founded by Marx, traditions that link the Gommune of 1871 with Can- ton and Soviet China, and where the vWOices of the Communards renew the challenge through the voice of Dimitroff .. . the helmsman of the Communist International. The life of Lenin was a full life. A life of sacrifice, singleness of purpose, un- shakable courage and conviction. The Lenin That Is. “Tleninism is Marxism in the epoch of imperialism and of the proletarian revolution.”’ This quota- tion, scientifically condensed and correct, appeals readily to phrase- mongers who seek to impress their listeners with profundity, but lack the desire or ability to enlighten. First of all, Leninism, as some con- tent, 1S not a Russian phenomena. If it were the international bour- geoisie would sleep casier. “‘Lenin- ism,’’ says Stalin, “‘is an internation- al phenomenon having its roots in international development as a whole.’ Truly, Leninism is the spirit of the U.S.S_R. the spirit of Socialist construction and peace. But Geninism is also the essence of combining revolutionary theory and practice in working out the every day problems of working peo- ple seekine economic and political betterment, whether they work in a Bombay textile mill or a Canadian coal mine Leninism is the essence of toler- ant patience. combined with the art of listening to the viewpoint of your fellow-toiler, and finding the com- mon ground of agreement for united effort against a common enemy. Leninism is the opposite of dog- matic sectarianism notwith- standing the unfortunate fact that dogmaic sectarianism is often par- aded as “‘ILeninism.’’ Tkeninism is the ability to win the ,confidence and support of masses, to lead them in struggle. to speal for them and to them, but not at them. Leave that to the “pure” socialists; it has no relation to Leninism. Leninism is the ability to crystal- lize every grievance of an exploit- ed worker into mass actions, great or small, to organize workers into trade unions; to place the demo- eratic machinery of organization into their hands and teach them how to wield it. Lo analyze defeat and avoid recurrance of similar errors. [eninism teaches eriticul collec- tive and self-analysis and castigates “Jeaders”’ who blame the masses for their (the Jeaders’) failures. Leninism is the essence of the Brotherhood of Man; of sex equal- ity; of creative toil; of collectivism. It is the antithesis of racial dis- erimination and “rugged individual- ism’’; it preserves nationalism only when nationalism serves the cul- tural and social well-being of a peo= ple. Beyond that it is the irrecon- cilable enemy of nationalism. Leninism is Dimitroff in Leipzi¢ before the Nazi hangmen . the accused becoming the accuser . the enemies of the working-class confounded before an impregnable principle and courage. WLeninism 1s the spirit that sustains Thalemann, Rakosi, Antikainen . .. the tens of thousands of working-class victims in the concentration camps and pri- sons of the Fascist lhomocides. Leninism is the spirit of Passonaria who said to the world, “WHEN YOU Dif LIKE THEY DIE IN SPAIN, YOU LIVE FOREVER.” While we commemorate here in British Columbia the thirteenth anniversary of the passing of Lenin, let us not forget that the workins- elass of Ganada are also partici- pants in the great heritage be- queathed by Lenin. We have fash- joned our Party, the Communist Party of Canada, as a Party of Lenin. We have grown in stature and strength and reacted under the blows dealt us with some of the courage Lenin bequeathed to our elass. We have learned that the strug- ple for Socialism and peace can only progress when we accept the daily struggle against hunger and ‘war as the road to the ultimate goal. Qur Party, rooted in the hearts of tens of thousands of Canadian work- ers will become a mighty Party of Lenin, capable of fulfilling all the tasks history imposes upon it; cap- abe of translating into every mill, Mine, camp and home, in city and lonely hamlet, the irrefutable truth Industrializing Armenia Workers tend the furnace at a copper vitrio} plant in Allaverdy. Soviet Armenia is rapidly becoming industrialized. Value of its in- dustrial output has increased from 1-7 million rubles in 1919 to 145 million rubles in 1935. Siberia - By J. ROBERTS Maybe you’ve heard of Siberia as a cold, barren country? That's the way I always pictured it any- way, and when I had the oppor tunity to travel through it for about a month this summer, I was very much surprised. The country and climate is very similar to our Northern Ontario, and it struck me what a difference exists in the development of the two countries and what advances will be made here in Canada when under a Socialist society. Six years ago there was no in- dustry of any cacount in Siberia. Wow, in these few short years, it is completely transformed and 1m- mense plants and mines are oper— ating or being constructed every- where. Especially was I struck by the growth of two new cities, Novo- sibirsk and Stalinsk. Novosibirsk from a small town of 80,000 in 1928 has reached a popu- jation of 380,000 and is now a modern city. Many new factories, knitting mills, machine works, etc., have been built and in 1936 alone 12 new schools were built accommodat- ing 8,000 students. Stalinsk, however, is a more amazing feat. Six years ago only 2 vast stretch of timberland and bog stood here. Then, Soviet science and industry, under the careful leader- ship of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and on the initiative of Joseph Stalin personally, went to work to change the map. Coal and iron deposits were found and plans Jaia for the construction of a giant steel mill: A Centre of Industry T couldn’t even begin to write of the difficulties faced in the con- struction of this new Socialist city and the gigantic Stalinsk plant, third largest in the world. An entire book has been written of the lives of the worxers, of the heroism displayed in the construc- tion in face of all difficulties and the struggle against anti-Soviet elements, sSabateurs and foreign agents. They tried in every way possible to prevent the building of this plant. For they understood also what a tremendous force such a plant would be, turning bleak Si- beria into an industrial centre, puilding a fortress of steel in the very path across which the Japa- nese imperialists wish to march. A new Socialist city has sprung up with a population well over 200,000. New apartments have been constructed and placed at a con- siderable distance from the plant to escape the noise and smoke, and the first street car service in Si- beria is now operating. Many new schools have been built and also an excellent and up-to-date theatre. A large Park of Culture and Rest with boating, swimming, etc., is in full swing and close to the city. Lying deep in the forest in one of the nature’s beauty spots, is a chil- dren’s camp where hundreds of children rest and enjoy themselves under the careful supervision of doctors and nurses. All expense for this camp is paid by the factory and trade unions. Youth’s Leading Kole I was especially struck at seeing the role played by youth in all of this new life. During the difficult days of construction about three- — “OUTSIDE OF SOCLIALISA THERE IS NO SALVATION FOR MANKIND FROM WAR, HUN 7ER, AND THE FURTHER DESTRUC- TION OF MILLIONS AND MIL- LIONS OF HUMAN BEINGS” (Lenin). With the heritage of Marx, Fmegels, Lenin and Stalin to guide us, the future of OUR Canada is assured, ® fourths of the workers were youth, both young men and young women. Today these youth are just as ac- tive in ‘operating this immense plant and in mastering the required technique. Most of the engineers and technicians are young people who worked on construction of the plant and grew up with it. Young engineers, furnace tenders, laborers, railroad workers, bus drivers, fore- men, schoo] teachers—all are study- ing. And all are studying with the knowledge that the future is theirs, that anything is possible for them in this great land of Socialism. Doctor, engineer, artist, aviator, scientist, skilled mechanic or fac- tory director—all ayenues are open and all necessary advice and as- sistance is gladly provided to en- able the dreams and ambitions of youth to come true. I foung it very difficult at times to explain to some of these youth the position of many young people in Canada. Because just as many youth in Canada can scarcely be- lieve that the position of youth under Socialism is so bright, so also in the Soviet Union many youth find it difficult to understand why young people who want to study must leave school, that workers are unemployed and especially that teachers, skilled worxers, university etaduates, etc., can find no use for their training. Hunger, Poverty Unknown This situation is unknown to this generation which has grown up in the first Socialist state and so it is hard for them to picture it. And no wonder it is hard to pic- ture. In a country such as Canada *—Yrich in grains, with untold wealth puried deep in the ground, with fac- tories empty and machines idle— why should such 2 condition exist? Why should not our youth also breathe the free air of a life worth living? Why should thousands of our best young men be herded into labor camps or exiled to farms at $7.50 a month? Must the youth of Canada have all their hopes, all their ambitions for a happy and creative life blighted? Only one answer can come back! The answer of a youth who will fight to live, the answer of the de- termined “On to Ottawa Boys,” of the youth united behind the Social- ist Youth Movement, the Co-oper- ative Commonwealth Youth and the Young Communist League. We will make our own creative work. We will devote our time, our energy, and training, to create a still more powerful movement of Canadian youth, te sweep away all that holds back progress, so that this Ganada of ours, and all it con- tains, will be a mighty force for progress. So that we, Young Canada, may also, like our brothers in the Soviet Union, see before us a future which is bright, a future of Socialism. PRO-FASCIST FILM IS ABANDONED HOLLY WOOD.—Plans of 20th Gentury-Fox for making a pro fascist film to be called “Siege of the Alcazar” have been dropped. It was intended to. glorify as heroes the fascists who hid behind women and children in the old Spanish fortress. Abandonment of the project can be ascribed to working class and progressive opposition. French, South American and Mexican newspapers and journalists notified the studio of the tremen- dous antagonism such a film would arouse among anti-fascists in their countries. Philanthropist. To you is our melody sung. “Go back!” they commanded young Soviet Republic strength and | For still vou went onward . . You dreamed of a people triumphant— A land that was joyful and free; And stauneh vou set forth on the Jourmey Whose end you were never to see. They left vou for dead, in the dawn. but vainly, . and on! To A Fallen Comrade O YOU who have dreamed, in the darkness, A. dream through the centuries-rung— To vou who have fallen, im darlmess, Then, deep in the dank of a dungeon, They left you to languish and rot. And still there was light in your darkness— The Dream that you neyer. forgot. And now, the You marked not the dangers around you; No fear kept your step from the fray. Your only said: ‘“This way lies freedom !” And bravely you went on your way. They cursed you-——they beat you in fury— And see, now, But even the x -aliant erow weary ; And even the proud bow their head. . - brave heart is silent; The dreamer—the dreamer is dead. But only your poor pieces mortal Hare sunk *neath the Stygian stream,— Your soul is a stone in the Highway That leads to the land of your Dream. in millions we're marching, And swells all-triumphant our song! The Dream is in sight for the toilers, And you, too, are marching along. When In Memory of a packing house the workers at P. Burne plant came out on strike the man— ager gave a statement to the Press in which he said the Company wasn't fussy about keeping the plant running as it doesn’t pay and P_ Burns only operates it to provide the men with jobs. Kind, generous, big-hearted, open-handed capital- ists! There is not much originality about P. Burns’ high moguls. A few years ago, Blake Wilson was the big squeeze for the firm in Vancouver. He was also the biz- noise at the Blakeburn mine near Princeton. The miners there went on strike against the miserable, degrading and dangerous condi- tions under which they were forced to work. f Mr. Blake Wilson, honored Yancouver citizen ang moving spirit in the Citizens’ Leagues of his day, declared the mine did not pay and he only kept it open to provide the miners with jobs. The working conditions were not improved, and the men went back to wor, only to be the victims. later of one of the worst mining disasters in the history of this Prov— ince, when the lives of 46 miners were snuffed out, just as Mr. Blake Wilson might blow out a candle. Blake Wilson was not tried for murder as he should have been; but he is dead now, and if the threats of the preachers are true he is im a hotter place than the burning: mines of the Princeton district, * * % Wh But to returm o Are the to P. Burns of Philanthropists? toaqay and their philanthropic business. In the 8th Annual Report of the Com— pany, sent to the shareholders on April 3rd last, we get some idea of just what this big-hearted gen— erosity of P. Burns means, In the eight years since the company was organized “earnings” amount te $4,887,554.00, despite the lean years: of 1930-31-32. Qut of these “earn— ings” they had to make good depre— ciation and bond interest and pay income tax. But the packing house workers produced it all. @ne and three-quarter million dollars produced by the employees of the Company went to repairing, improving and extending the plants, and one and one-quarter million dollars invested in subsidiary com=— panies (Palm Dairy, National Fruit. Co. and Scott Fruit Ga.). ine This philanthropic business has been picking up every year since the low peak of 1932, till last year (1935), the workers in the packing” houses and subsidiary concerns do— nated $946,416.87. With the same reservations regarding deprecia— tion, interest and income taxes. Now, who are the kind, generous, big-hearted, open-handed philan— thropists? The worxers who have given all this wealth gratuitously to the P. Burns shareholders, bond— holders and tax-gatherers, or the latter collection of leeches who -are using every device to prevent them bettering their working conditions, and would sentence them to the same fate as Blake Wilson brought on the Blakeburn miners in 1928. If you must eat meat, watch out where you get it. Before you gO into a butcher shop or meat store, look for the pickets. Nor do yow want to buy groceries from a place where they sell scab butchermeat or you will be scabbing on the strik— ing butchers. If everybody gets behind them they cannot lose? * %* * the highly More Good The owners: of i 3 the Empire Philanthropists. Gotton mils at Welland, Ont., are another group of philanthropists. Although the Female Minimum Wage Act of On- tario calls for a minimum wage of $10.00 for women, men with families to feed have been working for these kind mill-owners for as low as $7.35 for a 50-hour weex; $9.00 was consdiered a high way for men-_ Of course, they are on strike against a company that refuses to raise their wages to a decent level. This is the industry that was the subject of the Turgeon Govern- Ment enquiry last summer, which showed that some of the mills reap 150 per cent on their original capi-— tal investment. At the same en- quiry we learned that Sir Herbert Holt and a few associates who in- vested half a million dollars in that industry in 1905, had up till the time of the enquiry taken $15 millions in profits—and still had their orig- inal half million in the business. The scandalous wages of these Welland mill-workers explain the growth of the Holt millions and the only cure for such a social disease is the Communist cne. = * * No Hone After the remilitariz— F ation of the Rhineland Among Hitler offered France Thieves! a guaranteed peace for 25 years. “on his word of honor.” This honor of 2 fascist is like the “honor” that does not obtain among thieves. How much it is worth was seen again in the Signing of the Anglo-Italian agreement two weeks ago, which contained a fascist undertaking not to send any more Italians to heip the Spanish fascists. Before the ink was dry on the paper, 10,000 more Italian traops were on the way to Spain! The “honorable” British rulers, 70 slouches at hypocrisy themselves, are very wroth. But the heroic Spanish people know how “honor- able’? they all are! i"