By MALCOLM MacEWEN

Churchill's war memoirs reveal

how he schemed to cheat allies

IR WINSTON CHURCHILL calls
the final volume of his war
memoirs Triumph and Tragedy.

The “tragedy” being the fall of
Sir Winston and the collapse of
his plans for an immediate show-
down with the Soviet Union at the
moment of victory.

Although he has obviously writ-
ten his story, and selected his
documents, to put his behavior
in the best possible light, it is a
shocking record of double-dealing
and deception.

Throughout the whole: of the
period covered by this volume
(it has already been serialized in

. Canada), from the opening of the
Second Front in June 1944 to the

_ Potsdam Conference in July 1945,
Sir Winston’s main preoccupation
was the USSR, not Germany.

When he went to the Quebec
meeting with President Roosevelt
in September 1944 he was “very
anxious to forestall the Russians

in certain areas of Central Eur-

ope,” and proposed that Field-
Marshall Alexander should try to
~Teach Vienna before the Soviet
forces. ae

Scobie: “Do not hesitate to act
as if you were in a conquered
city where a local rebellion is in
progress.”

Sir Winston boasts, in justifica-
tion of his brutal decision to crush
EAM, that already, in December
1944, he saw that Communism
would be the peril after the war.

But he continued to send Stalin
and the Soviet. government hypo-
critical expressions of comrade-
ship and affection.

At the Yalta Conference in Feb-
ruary 1945 he told Stalin that
common dangers had “wiped out
past misunderstandings.”

Yet, at this very moment, he

was basing his policy and his
strategy on the following assump-
tions, among others:

“Soviet Russia had become a
mortal danger to the world. A
new front must be immediately
created against her onward
sweep. This front should be as
far East as possible.

“Berlin was the prime and

true objective of the Anglo-‘

American armies. The entry in-
to Prague of American troops

CHURCHILL: The cold war was planned before the hot war was cold.

Needless to say, this plan was
never disclosed to Stalin.

» But when the German counter-
attack in the Ardennes created a
‘crisis for the Anglo-American
. forces, Churchill did not hesitate
cn January 6, 1945, to send a tele-
gram asking for a major Soviet

: offensive during January.

On the: following day Stalin
replied with a “thrilling tele-
gram” announcing the Soviet de-
cision to open the offensive at
once, regardless of the unfavor-
able weather and the incomplete-
ness of their preparations.

Churchill says that this “fine
deed’ by the Russians doubtless
cost them a heavy loss of life.

This did not prevent him, in a
note to Eden on March 25, assert-

ing that the Russians claimed
everything but gave nothing in

_return, “except their military
pressure, which has never yet
been exerted except in their own

“interest.” — :

xt % x

Churchill first showed. his hand

in Greece, and now discloses that

even before Greece had been lib-.

- erated’ he had already decided to

smash the Greek Liberation

Movement (EAM) and its Resist-
ance army (ELAS). .. _.

In a note to Eden'on November

7, 1944, a month before the fight-

ing began in Athens, he said: “We

- should not hesitate to use British

troops to support the Royal Hel-

lenic government.

“T hope the Greek Brigade” (a
Royalist force) “will soon*arrive,
and will not hesitate to shoot
when necessary, I fully expect
a clash with EAM, and we must
not shrink from it.”

When the police provoked the

fighting by shooting down a peace-
ful demonstration, he wired to
the British commander, General

was of high consequence.
“Above all a settlement must
be reached on all. major issues
between the West and the East
in Europe before the armies of
democracy melted, or the West-
ern Allies yielded any part of
the German territories they had
conquered.” :
His plan failed because the So-

viet Army occupied Berlin and

knocked _ his

Prague, despite the efforts ef the
Nazis to open the front to the
West while continuing the fight
on the East.

os xt eg :

The months of victory were, for
him, “unhappy.” On May 4, 1945,
‘he wrote to Eden that there must
be an “early and speedy show-
down” with the USSR.

_On Victory Day “the Soviet
menace, in my eyes, had. already
replaced the Nazi foe.”

Still, however, the hypocrisy
continued. He asked his wife,
who was in Moscow, to broadcast
a victory message from him to
Stalin and the Russian people,
proclaiming his “loyal comrade-
ship in peace.”

Nine days later he sent orders

‘to stop demobilization in bomber

command, and to “go steady” in
the army—in readiness for the
“showdown.”

He proposed to President Tru-
man that the U.S. armies, which
ended the war holding positions
inside the intended Soviet zone
of Germany, should refuse to
withdraw to the agreed American
zone,

President Truman refused. This
“fateful decision,” as -he calls it,
“Struck a knell in my breast.”

Churchill intended to have the
“showdown’’ with the Soviet Un-
ion at Potsdam in July 1945. But
the withdrawal of the U.S. troops
best “bargaining
counter’ out of his hands.

Attlee, who took his place, was,
he regrets, “unacquainted with
the plans I had in view, namely,
to have a showdown at the end
of the conference and, if neces-
sary, a public break.”

It took Attlee and Truman a
few months to come right round
to the Churchill plan for a cold
war. But they came round all
right when he announced it pub-
licly at Fulton, Missouri, in March
1946. ae

This book puts an end, once
and for all, to the sedulously
peddled lie that the Soviet Union
rejected cooperation with Britain
and the U.S. after the war.

Behind the back of the‘ Soviet
Union, while praising Stalin to
his face and begging for Soviet
military help, Churchill began
the cold war even before the vic-
tory had been won.

OPEN FORUM

It's a real wonder

A. CORDONI, Haney, 8B.C.:
A chain store in this community
is selling a 12-volume ‘set of
books, The New Wender Book—
Cyclopedia of World Knowledge,
at 98 cents a volume, one volume
going on display each week. The
volumes are profusely illustrated,
with most of the illustrations sup-
plied by the U.S. Army and big
business corporations such as
Westinghouse Electric, Standard
Oil., ete.

Some sections read like straight
advertising for big business;
others like advertising for the
army. -

For instance, under “Advertis-
ing,” which is the first subject in
Volume One, we are told that

“advertising reduces prices” and

other such gems of wisdom. This
volume also contains Air Force,
Airlines, Airplanes, Airships, Air-
ways, Amphibious Warfare, Army,

in the whole book.

In Volume Ten we read under
“Psychological Warfare” the
estounding assertion that Soviet
Russia “after the end of the war

etc., totalling 75 pages out of 245 :

in 1945... . seized the countries
of Eastern Europe and began a
hame calling campaign against
the United States; a war of ideas
started between the Communist
lands and the free nations.”

Children — and adults, too —
will be influenced by reading this
type of trash labelled as “know-
ledge.” And that, of course, is
the purpose of the publisher.

e How good her giving. |

. Vl don my glorious Prairie sky

_ My Northern Light, the lea, my maple tree, ae

Mother Canada
| How crand the face of Mother Canada, |

Yet, there is no feast
_Fer twin despoilers prowl throughout .
Our rulers sell her from within

To plunderers from without

And leave a sickness all about

Of workless hands. And yet—

How strong the voice of Mother Canada
In protest, when she cries:

| cannot rest,

| cannot feed a traitor at my breast!

He would | had an eagle’s beak 3

A winged spread of doom. bt
He is not my son '

But breed of shame

To so defame s

The name of Canada!

: .- In him whose labor’s sweat

This great land sanctifies

| see my true son with the future in his eyes
Whose many tongues and faiths and creeds,
Dreams and needs converge

And merge in struggle’s surge

to Independence! Life! :

Abundance, leisure, love, surcease

From wars and strife.

And though there still be those who heed
The cunning voice of power, greed,

They will scarce succeed. - ‘
The strength of those who would be freed

Is now the strength of millions, who proceed
To life.’

How radiant the face of Mother Canada
And to this son * 4
Who walks so bold into the light
: She speaks: ? $
‘So will it be. Then you shall see
How I can give and give a thousandfold.
My waterways will hum with joyous industry
My oceans three, three gates of peace will be
To friendly intercourse. x
And so to please your eye
Tc vie with woodland, lake and mountain high,
Vast northern plain where tundra lies nearby,

All these to dress my majesty ...

Such majesty as you can better see

When not borne down in poverty.

When, even as the need for food

Will be the need to give

On mind and hand for common good.
And woven in the substance of your work
Will be the substance of your joy—our joy.
‘Tis you, son of the working class my son
Who raise my banner, emblazoning thereon
The New Life, the New Man,

The Vision of the Dawn!’

—SONYA MORRIS:

ae :

Soviets find

Soup scientists have dis-

‘covered a chain of submerg-
ed mountains, two miles high,
under the ice cap of the Arctic
Ocean between Siberia and
Greenland.

‘Quoting a report to the So.
viet Academy of Sciences, the
Tass Agency reported that the
chain divided the Arctic Ocean

into two different basins, and
the discovery might “prove
very useful for navigation of
the Arctic regions.”

It said Soviet expeditions

submerged Arctic range

“A large number of anime
and birds such as polar poe
white foxes, seals, geese, ae
and seagulls can be Ate
among the drifting ice + oo
sands of miles from any

land.” ts had

studying the sea route along
the northern shores of Europe
and Asia between 1947 and
1953 had now proven that
there was no second magnetic
pole in the Arctic Ocean, and
had established the regularity

It said Soviet scientists 73,
of movements of cyclones and drawn tho hist pele He ee
anti-cyclones. ‘ ei
of the central part ound el
“For the first time in history Arctic Ocean, and had from?
material has been collected that earthfolds stretching “6

about the animals of the east-
ern part of the Arctic Ocean,”
Tass added.

North-East Asia through the
North Pole “are buried 1)
deep hollows of the oceam

PACIFIC TRIBUNE — MAY 7, 1954 —