By MALCOLM MacEWEN Churchill's war memoirs reveal how he schemed to cheat allies IR WINSTON CHURCHILL calls the final volume of his war memoirs Triumph and Tragedy. The “tragedy” being the fall of Sir Winston and the collapse of his plans for an immediate show- down with the Soviet Union at the moment of victory. Although he has obviously writ- ten his story, and selected his documents, to put his behavior in the best possible light, it is a shocking record of double-dealing and deception. Throughout the whole: of the period covered by this volume (it has already been serialized in . Canada), from the opening of the Second Front in June 1944 to the _ Potsdam Conference in July 1945, Sir Winston’s main preoccupation was the USSR, not Germany. When he went to the Quebec meeting with President Roosevelt in September 1944 he was “very anxious to forestall the Russians in certain areas of Central Eur- ope,” and proposed that Field- Marshall Alexander should try to ~Teach Vienna before the Soviet forces. ae Scobie: “Do not hesitate to act as if you were in a conquered city where a local rebellion is in progress.” Sir Winston boasts, in justifica- tion of his brutal decision to crush EAM, that already, in December 1944, he saw that Communism would be the peril after the war. But he continued to send Stalin and the Soviet. government hypo- critical expressions of comrade- ship and affection. At the Yalta Conference in Feb- ruary 1945 he told Stalin that common dangers had “wiped out past misunderstandings.” Yet, at this very moment, he was basing his policy and his strategy on the following assump- tions, among others: “Soviet Russia had become a mortal danger to the world. A new front must be immediately created against her onward sweep. This front should be as far East as possible. “Berlin was the prime and true objective of the Anglo-‘ American armies. The entry in- to Prague of American troops CHURCHILL: The cold war was planned before the hot war was cold. Needless to say, this plan was never disclosed to Stalin. » But when the German counter- attack in the Ardennes created a ‘crisis for the Anglo-American . forces, Churchill did not hesitate cn January 6, 1945, to send a tele- gram asking for a major Soviet : offensive during January. On the: following day Stalin replied with a “thrilling tele- gram” announcing the Soviet de- cision to open the offensive at once, regardless of the unfavor- able weather and the incomplete- ness of their preparations. Churchill says that this “fine deed’ by the Russians doubtless cost them a heavy loss of life. This did not prevent him, in a note to Eden on March 25, assert- ing that the Russians claimed everything but gave nothing in _return, “except their military pressure, which has never yet been exerted except in their own “interest.” — : xt % x Churchill first showed. his hand in Greece, and now discloses that even before Greece had been lib-. - erated’ he had already decided to smash the Greek Liberation Movement (EAM) and its Resist- ance army (ELAS). .. _. In a note to Eden'on November 7, 1944, a month before the fight- ing began in Athens, he said: “We - should not hesitate to use British troops to support the Royal Hel- lenic government. “T hope the Greek Brigade” (a Royalist force) “will soon*arrive, and will not hesitate to shoot when necessary, I fully expect a clash with EAM, and we must not shrink from it.” When the police provoked the fighting by shooting down a peace- ful demonstration, he wired to the British commander, General was of high consequence. “Above all a settlement must be reached on all. major issues between the West and the East in Europe before the armies of democracy melted, or the West- ern Allies yielded any part of the German territories they had conquered.” : His plan failed because the So- viet Army occupied Berlin and knocked _ his Prague, despite the efforts ef the Nazis to open the front to the West while continuing the fight on the East. os xt eg : The months of victory were, for him, “unhappy.” On May 4, 1945, ‘he wrote to Eden that there must be an “early and speedy show- down” with the USSR. _On Victory Day “the Soviet menace, in my eyes, had. already replaced the Nazi foe.” Still, however, the hypocrisy continued. He asked his wife, who was in Moscow, to broadcast a victory message from him to Stalin and the Russian people, proclaiming his “loyal comrade- ship in peace.” Nine days later he sent orders ‘to stop demobilization in bomber command, and to “go steady” in the army—in readiness for the “showdown.” He proposed to President Tru- man that the U.S. armies, which ended the war holding positions inside the intended Soviet zone of Germany, should refuse to withdraw to the agreed American zone, President Truman refused. This “fateful decision,” as -he calls it, “Struck a knell in my breast.” Churchill intended to have the “showdown’’ with the Soviet Un- ion at Potsdam in July 1945. But the withdrawal of the U.S. troops best “bargaining counter’ out of his hands. Attlee, who took his place, was, he regrets, “unacquainted with the plans I had in view, namely, to have a showdown at the end of the conference and, if neces- sary, a public break.” It took Attlee and Truman a few months to come right round to the Churchill plan for a cold war. But they came round all right when he announced it pub- licly at Fulton, Missouri, in March 1946. ae This book puts an end, once and for all, to the sedulously peddled lie that the Soviet Union rejected cooperation with Britain and the U.S. after the war. Behind the back of the‘ Soviet Union, while praising Stalin to his face and begging for Soviet military help, Churchill began the cold war even before the vic- tory had been won. OPEN FORUM It's a real wonder A. CORDONI, Haney, 8B.C.: A chain store in this community is selling a 12-volume ‘set of books, The New Wender Book— Cyclopedia of World Knowledge, at 98 cents a volume, one volume going on display each week. The volumes are profusely illustrated, with most of the illustrations sup- plied by the U.S. Army and big business corporations such as Westinghouse Electric, Standard Oil., ete. Some sections read like straight advertising for big business; others like advertising for the army. - For instance, under “Advertis- ing,” which is the first subject in Volume One, we are told that “advertising reduces prices” and other such gems of wisdom. This volume also contains Air Force, Airlines, Airplanes, Airships, Air- ways, Amphibious Warfare, Army, in the whole book. In Volume Ten we read under “Psychological Warfare” the estounding assertion that Soviet Russia “after the end of the war etc., totalling 75 pages out of 245 : in 1945... . seized the countries of Eastern Europe and began a hame calling campaign against the United States; a war of ideas started between the Communist lands and the free nations.” Children — and adults, too — will be influenced by reading this type of trash labelled as “know- ledge.” And that, of course, is the purpose of the publisher. e How good her giving. | . Vl don my glorious Prairie sky _ My Northern Light, the lea, my maple tree, ae Mother Canada | How crand the face of Mother Canada, | Yet, there is no feast _Fer twin despoilers prowl throughout . Our rulers sell her from within To plunderers from without And leave a sickness all about Of workless hands. And yet— How strong the voice of Mother Canada In protest, when she cries: | cannot rest, | cannot feed a traitor at my breast! He would | had an eagle’s beak 3 A winged spread of doom. bt He is not my son ' But breed of shame To so defame s The name of Canada! : .- In him whose labor’s sweat This great land sanctifies | see my true son with the future in his eyes Whose many tongues and faiths and creeds, Dreams and needs converge And merge in struggle’s surge to Independence! Life! : Abundance, leisure, love, surcease From wars and strife. And though there still be those who heed The cunning voice of power, greed, They will scarce succeed. - ‘ The strength of those who would be freed Is now the strength of millions, who proceed To life.’ How radiant the face of Mother Canada And to this son * 4 Who walks so bold into the light : She speaks: ? $ ‘So will it be. Then you shall see How I can give and give a thousandfold. My waterways will hum with joyous industry My oceans three, three gates of peace will be To friendly intercourse. x And so to please your eye Tc vie with woodland, lake and mountain high, Vast northern plain where tundra lies nearby, All these to dress my majesty ... Such majesty as you can better see When not borne down in poverty. When, even as the need for food Will be the need to give On mind and hand for common good. And woven in the substance of your work Will be the substance of your joy—our joy. ‘Tis you, son of the working class my son Who raise my banner, emblazoning thereon The New Life, the New Man, The Vision of the Dawn!’ —SONYA MORRIS: ae : Soviets find Soup scientists have dis- ‘covered a chain of submerg- ed mountains, two miles high, under the ice cap of the Arctic Ocean between Siberia and Greenland. ‘Quoting a report to the So. viet Academy of Sciences, the Tass Agency reported that the chain divided the Arctic Ocean into two different basins, and the discovery might “prove very useful for navigation of the Arctic regions.” It said Soviet expeditions submerged Arctic range “A large number of anime and birds such as polar poe white foxes, seals, geese, ae and seagulls can be Ate among the drifting ice + oo sands of miles from any land.” ts had studying the sea route along the northern shores of Europe and Asia between 1947 and 1953 had now proven that there was no second magnetic pole in the Arctic Ocean, and had established the regularity It said Soviet scientists 73, of movements of cyclones and drawn tho hist pele He ee anti-cyclones. ‘ ei of the central part ound el “For the first time in history Arctic Ocean, and had from? material has been collected that earthfolds stretching “6 about the animals of the east- ern part of the Arctic Ocean,” Tass added. North-East Asia through the North Pole “are buried 1) deep hollows of the oceam PACIFIC TRIBUNE — MAY 7, 1954 —