—NEW YORK

rank only to Chhiang Kai-shek himself and known

& M ‘ere ont Feng Yu-hsiang, second in Chinese military

traditionally as “the Christian General of China,”
_ has come out unconditionally against loans to Chiang’s gov-
ernment. The civil war now devastating China will stop if
‘the U.S. ceases to arm and finance the Kuomintang, he

declares.
Now in the United States on
a Kuomintang government mis-
sion, the 67-year-old Marshall
Feng told a press conference
held here on October 10, China’s
national day, that he was speak-
ing as an individual, because no
Chinese citizen and patriot could
keep silent. He’ said Chinese peo-
ple wanted American help in re-
construction, but “do not ask
for ammunition with which to
kill each other. Loans to
the present government ‘were
bad because they would only
be poured down the bottomless

pit of civil war and ‘there is”

no hope that they will be used
for rebuilding.”
Although he is a member of
the Standing Committee of the
Kuomintang, highest organ. of
China’s ruling party,
Feng bitterly attacked Chiang
‘Kai-shek for using military
iforce against his own compa-
‘triots. “The Chinese people want
peace and democracy, not the

dictatorship of a second Hitler,” .

he declared..He also .spoke out

strongly against. the . complete.
suppression of dissident opinion, —

mot only in other parties but
within the Kuomintang _ itself.

‘Recent arrests in Peiping, Mar-
‘shall ‘Feng said, included that °

of Brigadier-General “Yu Hsien-.

‘ching, an ‘old Kuomintang party
member and a_ U.S.-educated
» “General Yu's only crime was
that he advocates peace and de-
_ mocracy..and supports the agree-
ments. of the Political Consulta-
tive Council countersigned by

General George C. Marshall
himself in January 1946,” Feng
 $peaking at a banquet. spon-

sored by the Chinese Students’
Christian Association in New
York the same evening, Mar-
shal Feng anticipated  criti-

cisms against his attack on his
own government while outside
the country. “There are people

FRIDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1947

Marshal ©

and I are good friends,” he said,
“and they will wonder why I
don’t speak personally to him.
Well, I have spoken to him. I
have also written him long let-
ters and published a whole book
of our correspondence. My words
went unheeded and it has become
absolutely necessary for me to
appeal to my fellow-countrymen
and to the people of the world.”

LL text of questions and an-

swers at the conference, hither-
to printed only in part in the
New York Times, other news-
papers and Associated Press dis-
patches, is given below.

Q. The Marshal has described
the desperate situation in China.
What can be done about it?

Marshal Feng: Much depends
on American policy. People ask
why? If the United States did
give ammunition to China, and
if it were to send hundreds of
reporters to the civil war fronts
to. see that American ammuni-

. tion was not. being used, the civil

war would stop.
--Some people, say the problems

-of China could be solved by the

granting of loans, You must rea-
lize that Chiang Kai-shek’s reg-
ime is like a deep pit. It is im-
possible to fill It up. I wish
Americans could see this and
make their views known.

Q. Some people say that the

Generalissimo does not really

know what is going on; that he
is surrounded by people who pre-
vent him from knowing, and
that it is really his subordinates
who are really responsible for
the present situation. Do you
think this is correct?

Marshal Feng: Both Chiang
Kai-shek and his subordinates
must be held responsible. Chiang
Kai-shek is 90 percent respon-
sible, and his subordinates 10
percent. ;

Q. When you speak of a coali-

tion government, do you mean
with the Communists?

. Marshal Feng: Even during the
war I advocated unity among all
parties and people without party
affiliation. After the war I con-
tinued to advocate the same
thing for ‘reconstruction.

“Q. Do you think there is a
possibility of a Chinese alliance
with Russia as opposed to the
United States, as has heen re-
ported suggested by some Chi-
nese officials? ,

Marshal Feng: I think an-
nouncements to this effect are
the shameless attitude taken by
some Chinese officials. It is vir-
tual blackmail, saying, if China
does not receive help from the
United States she will turn to
Russia. ‘

Q. Newspapers report that
Chiang Kai-shek says a military
victory is necessary before a
coalition government can be or-
ganized. Do you think that Chi-
ang can attain such a victory,
and ‘if he does, will peace .and
democracy result?

Marshal Feng: If Chiang is to
achieve victory, he must have
a basis. But he gets his soldiers
by impressment. Local officials
go to the homes of the peasants,
break down the door, and tie
up the recruits with ropes de-
spite appeals of their wives,
mothers and children. Can you
expect Chiang Kai-shek to win
a single battle with such sol-
diers, let alone final victory?

You probably know the namu
of Kao Shu-hsun, one of Chi-
ang’s gallant commanders in the
war against Japan. He has now
gone over to the Communists.
The same applies to Chao Hsou-
shan. How can you expect the
troops under Chiang to fight if
the commanders themselves go
over to the Communists?

The supply system of the Chi-

“nese army is so bad that sol-

diers wear summer uniform in
winter and winter uniform in
summer. They do not have
enough to eat. So whole divisions
go over to the Communists. The
Communists now have 1,700,000

regular troops and 4,000,000 mili-

tia. Chiang Kai-shek is the head
of a factory manufacturing
Communists.

This explains much of the anti-

Q. Fighting in China has been |
going on for a long time. When

As to whether democracy
would be possible if Chiang Ka-
shek won a military victory. I is it going to end? Do you hold
have said it is 99 percent hope- out any hopes for an. early
less for him to win a military peace?
victory. If he did, his aims Marshal Feng: I can only hope
would be clear in view of what inat with the help of the Amert-
he is doing at the present time: can people we shall have an
ruthless suppression of all peo- carly peace. The’ Chinese people —
ple who seek peace and de€- expect help in reconstruction
TROT EST and democratic reform, but they

Q. Don’t you. think that if you do not want ammunition to pro-
went back to China now, you ‘long the present civil war. —
would be arrested? Q. Where do the Communists
get their munitions?

Marshal Feng: Whole  divi-
sions go over from the Kuomin-
tang. That is where the Commun-
ists get their ammunition. Among
the Communists there are many
people who were forced to go

_ over to that side, but they are
not Communists. ; ‘

_ Q. What do you mean by
“forced” to go over?

Marshal Feng: I am not afraid
of arrest.

'Q. What do you think of your
past publicity in America. You
are known as the Christian Gen-
eral who baptized his people
with a fire hose?

Marshal Feng: My soldiers
were stationed in North and
Northwest China where water is
scarce and the climate dry.-
There was no water system. It
would have been impossible for
me to use a fire hose. f

people who have no alternative.
Q. Will Marshal Feng say

I am a well known Christian, Something about his relationship

but that does not mean that my
troops are Christians.

Q. Where do the Kuomintang
armies get their military equip-
ment? —

Hongkong?

Marshal Feng: I am in com-
plete agreement with General
Li on the necessity of a coali-

Marshal Feng: Military equip- have said all that we want to
ment used today was either left say to Chiang Kai-shek. But
in China after the war or sold oyr advice has gone unheeded.
to China. Kuomintang tactics Q. Is there any possibility of |
consist of bombing a city for “the overthrow of Chiang Kai-
three days, followed by the use shek by the Nationalists? 4

of cannon for three days, and. : : Tey
then the advance of the infan- | Marshal Feng: That is very

try. When the troops enter a
city they do not find any Com- | ;
munists. They ask the citizons Kuomintang must be realized. —
where the Communists are and Some of these people have
the reply is invariably that they Very Jong party history. —

left three weeks»before. They Q. You have stressed the need
then say they are sorry for of American help to China for
bombing and killing the citizens reconstruction. Do you think
and they send out a lot of prop- that if a loan is given now any
aganda workers to say that the part of it could or would be
government does not want to: used for reconstruction?
fight the people but that they
have. been . ordered to do so
by the American government.
They point to the American air- |

planes, ammunition, eta, and look at what happened
ask, “Isn't this sufficient evi- UNRRA supplies. They were #l!
dence that it is the Americans Sd and the funds used to tb

who have told us to fight you7” ance the civil war. I wish
BBY ous remind you that these are
called relief goods, not a 108?
or supplies for reconstru’

PACIFIC TRIBUNE—PAGE

progressive

Marshal Feng: Under the
Kuomintang there is no hove |
that a loan would be used foF
reconstruction. You only have ag

American feeling in China today.

4

Marshal Feng: There are many —

with General Li Chi-shen ™ my

tion government. Both of us —

hard to-say. The strength of the —
elements in the