Page 12, The Herald, Thursday. June 19, 1980 °

_ WATERLOO, Ont. (CP) —
What's the best way to learn
a physical skill such’ as
skating or tennis or learn to
play the plano, drive a car or

type?

‘Traditional wisdom is thet
you break the action down
into. precise movements
which you repeat — drill --
over and over agalo.
Researchers today. are

beginning to conclude, -

however, that drill is riot the’

Brain:

By JANICE HAMILTON
MONTREAL (CP) — Test
tubes, dissecting knives and
lab coats are joining the
traditional couch as stan-
dard equipment for
psychiatrists.
Modern-lay psychiatrists
know many mental disorders
are linked to chemical
changes in the brain, and
they are all being trained in
laboratory research, says
Dr. Vasavan Nair ‘of the
Douglas Hospital, a psy-
chiatric hospital in the
Montreal suburb of Verdun.
Dr. Nair has established a
brain bank where brains

only way to learn.
“We're
learn at least as well when

there is some variation in the
lan. ‘shooting

practice,” | says
Willlams, Univeralty. af
Waterloo - kinesiology
Pn gall f Je, you'll

go or example you"
likely derive more benefit

Ifyou vary the distance from

the: bole and shoot -from ||

finding that we

. speeda’:-
“from practising your putting

wee

green: his would ‘also apply
ps... Williams saya‘he reached

to basketball: -
from ‘different, ‘jocations on
the court and: ae Oe yariely of

oa youre learang to rive, oc

‘into

practise - backing:
parking. spaces’. of: ‘varying

 gize and practise at.ditferent .
from .. different -
eh;

starting - sporilane.
dding:

various, tocations on: the -. Speed, touch

Aan
- 1.

from “deceased * ‘inéntal :

bank pr oe

‘ehéra swat fe! the ‘a

patients will be. -collected,- donatian,

frozen and stored for future.”

study, He says it is the first:
brain bank to be established
in Canada, although a second
is planned for Toronto. -

The bani looks like ari ‘ors.

dinary kitchen freezer,
painted hot orange, sitting in
a hospital lab. ;

It is cooled by carbon
dioxide to85 or90 degrees

. Celsius and divided into. -

compartments for whole
brains, sections of brains,
spinal (luid samples. But so

far it is empty as resear--

_certgin — disorders,

Da "Nair sai ‘ceaeareh :
‘relating: anatomy: to.. drain,

disorders. “has. only : “become

..possible-in (he-ladt- four or -
"five years, 2s-té¢hniques.
Studying tiny’ aregs.of the”

for

brain have bean improved.

Selentists’ previously. -
studied body fluids such. ad
urine, blodd and spinal fluid .

to get an indication of: what

. was happening in the brain.
isolated ‘small —°

Then, they-
areas of the brain which they
believed were related to
and
developed techniques to

‘ schizophrenia,"

a a es

forth when practising scales.

these conclusions: alter
testing. students... He
measured. how. quickly they

d a. ‘desired level of
skill “selected ex-
rimental actlvities,, Those
who -varled” thelr practice

routines seemed to Iearn at
igi as well: as. those’ with.

of In. ining Nays ie

“examine ‘the - concentrations
of chemicals, in brain tissue
samples, ~~--

The. most common. mental
disorders ‘thought to be
linked to brain chemistry are
senility,
depression... and mental

retardation, said. Nair.

Scientists are now looking
at neurotrangmitters, or
chemicals that. transmit

“messages from one part of.
_ the brain to another.

‘For. example, research °
with schizophrenics has-
shown higher ‘than normal:
concentrations of - two
neurotranamitters,

on te
ire’ telling un" be anya

“Drilling is not the only. ‘ E

ine ary finding out

that memory is not exact ‘and
that what is. actually stored
in the brain. is a rather
generalized idea.

“In other wards, the in- |
formation stored allows for a.

considerable’ amount of
variation. within ‘broad

patterns,”
PWilllame is also interested

sel
. movement so he can ‘tea

dopamine an d

norepinephrine, in the

patient's spinal fluid.
“Freudian analysis is still

required, but doctors know it:

can’t do anything for seriqus
disorders like schizophrenia

and senile dementia,” » the |

bearded - psychiatrist says,

: He said one kind of senility -

iscaused by hardening of the
arteries but often cases of
-memory loss and confusion

among elderly people is...
caused’ by chemical ab-

normalities in the brain.
“We are: trying to make

people live longer,” said

Nair. By the year 2000, 20 per

seamen NE SOE A SLE OTE ERIM OE te

to le

simpler, ‘more “effective

w af - “performing . given

ta
“One key to this Is to body

refloxes,”’ hasays. “The best
known example is’ robably
the ‘knee jerk’ r the
doctor taps the teudon below.

. the knee and your foot'jerks |.

up. We pil know. about this,
bat we have many: other
‘types: of reflex movements
and. they are of im

to skill development. wv.

cent of the population will be °

over 65, ‘but we also have to
help them function.”

Nair. sald a major ad: ’

vantage of the. brain bank is
it will collect brains from the

‘ bodies of patlents who. lived .

in-hospital for many years.
Researchers | will. have
complete records of all drugs
and : treatments given the
patients. oo

brain must be removed and

frozen within an hour’ of-
_ death, before its chemicals
have a chance to break ©
down,

a They’ re rebuilding Canada’ S birthplace ot

CHARLOTTETOWN (CP)
-— While talk continues about
the birth of a new con-
stitution, they’re actually
rebuilding the cradle of
Confederation.

Historic Province House in
Charlottetown, scene of
meetings of the Fathers of
Confederation in the 1660's
and about 140 years of
provincial politics in Prince
Edward Island, is getting a
$2-million facelift to restore
the building ‘to its original
appearan

Architect David Lane is

heading the project, a cost-—

shared deal agreed to by the
provincial and federal
governments in 1973. ‘
Lane is leading a team of
workers in the job of peeling
layers of paint, plaster and
woodwork that have built up
on the walls and floors since
the building housed the firat

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meetings leading to Con-
federation...

Project officials say ac-
commoddations will be made
Se A at ih

who pass
‘the building each suinmer so
they can view the restoration

work in progress, Other.
parts of the building, “in-|

cluding. the provincial
legislature, will: remain

open.

Lane, of Hamilton, said the
building
sound, with the exception:

a few rotten timbers needing.

the

replacement, and.
‘is

restoration work
progressing smoothly:

Some walls done over with
modern plaster have been
forn. down and replaced by
the original’ composition . of

lime, sand.and animal hairs.

need ag binding,. -.
Finishes on the walls must.

is structurally - -
of: chambers, -

be removed carefully 80 a *
not to harm the “artifictal”

graining on .the wood un-

de -derneath, -a technique -used |

in 1843 tc make the finlsh

‘ook more expensive, Lane
‘ sai
“Other ‘wood surfaces in.

the council-chamber, where
most of our work is cm-

 eentrated now” are worked

over with tools and brushes

“to make. theni look, from a
‘distance, like marble,

-Restoration of the council

cradle of. Confederation,.-is
expected to be completed: by

autumn, with the rest of the —
‘project. finished in 1963.

Lane and his crew recently

discovered the imprint of the
Speaker's throne on- the"
*’ cludes installation of a pipe
will build ‘another. ‘patterned :

alter the: seine nibs

‘council chamber “floor ‘and

. generally .
acknowledged : to..be- the.

“We don’ teven know what

-happened to the old throne.”

Brick fireplaces have been —

removed and replaced by
which -

stoves
‘heated — the.

Franklin
originally ©
building.
Lane said the heating
system may have been an
integral part of the
building's layout because the
party y in power sits to the left .
‘the Speaker, New-:

- foundland has the only other:

provincial legislature set up
that way. One- theory is it is -
warmer. on that Bide of the
building; .

“The caucus “poor on the
second ' floor of Province

‘ House will also be restored ‘to.

make ‘it functional as 8°
caucus-chamber again...
The work to the caucus in-

‘in the morech fora: gaslight.
A for th melee will be

TEMS

dally herald |

SALM

| July - a

: Watch the Daily Herald for further =

information! }.

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created ‘with an iron-leaf
decoration and, circular
design on the ceiling
surrounding the fixture. .
“The catch is that the gas-
light must be simulated elec-
trically, but give: the same

light etkect as BAS," Lane-

said.
"He said two big jobs after

the floors are carpeted will «

be refinishing the roof with
slate and restoring the main
visitor’s. entrance. :
Nearly all the contracts for
.the restoration work have

gone:to P.E.L firms, just as’

in the 1840s, when only one —
from, Wallace, N.S: — was
asked’ to supply sandstone
for the outer walls.
However, Lane said this
time around, the same stone
_has. been ‘ordered from
Shediac, N.B.

‘-"

Pind is not as plentiful as it
was in P.E.L, and much of it,
is being imported from other’
parts of Canada, =,

Lane said construction. is
being: hampered’ somewhat
by current building stan-
dards, which must be met
without interfering with the
restored appearance,

However, the architect

was optimistic ihe project -
will be finished in line with .

modern -safety standards
without detracting from the
appearance that: gives the
visitor a feeling - he has
stepped back to the time ‘of
Confederation.

- MADE
EASIER id

‘Carbon paper was in-
vented by Ralph Wedgewood
in London in 1806. -

arr

the

tance _
* sae

After’ a patient dies the.

“COPYING

ee ee

“For instance, ‘Ghen | ‘an
infent:-sleeps with its head
turned towards: ita left
ahoulder it will often adopt a
pose much like a fencer in:
the en garde, position, ‘The
left arm is extended whereas
t arm “is ‘curved

wart

¢ fingers are curved.
is a teflexive- dort
you turn: the baby to.
right: the
‘Feverse
emselves."’ ere

While this effnive pose in

~ most noteworthy. in infants

it stays with us ai]: our ‘lives
and is'‘quite apparent whep.
you know how Prk f for it.""

_ Another example occurs

ing push-

, trying to produce the |

last’
Similarly, if you're re chinning
a bar, you tuck your chin
down a6 fatigue starts to

- take over, reflexively in
creaaing that last te bi of
strength...

“Other, examples, ofnp- -

flexes ‘aré noticeable If you
ask a person to carry &
heavy weight in one hand,”
says Dr. WhHHame.
“Automatically, the head
will tilt to the opposite aide;
tagers naltg. the. ihe
we
are clenched tightly, inely bt
‘the ihe eee, hand are lik

extended. eh

ae sails abe o reflex respanse
to the head tilt." ae

He says these reflexive re-
sponses provide clues that
may be helpful in the
coaching of athletes or in

efforts to develop a variety.

of skills Involving physical
movement.

For. Instance, if ear
to ‘develop | skill
catching a ‘thrown ball; t
seems natural to orient your
head to. the ball whenever

and‘around,; even -
. sePapes

you have to reach up for it. .

This automatically catwses
your arm to extend to meet

; the ball. Ifyou fallow the ball.

with your eyes without
ovihg your head, the arm

coordination will be less
automatic.
On the other-hand, head

A Chicken out atErnicd py

_ (Where the Colonel makes it great!

movements may vihinder pers
formance; the practising -
golfer has. to remember not °
to raise the. head, becausé .
the body ‘automatically
straightens In the: middle of *
the awing if this.is done. and,
instead of meeting the bail -
squarely, the ¢ ub head
across the top.

Hence the golfer's . -ad-

monition: “Keep your head
FMB: down." °

” Willams says
derstanding these
actions can make

coal 1
good deal simpler. Instea acting :

having to explain. ‘a par: :
ticular position or movement’

in detail, the coach. can | eee

concentrate on a few. key.”

things, leaving it to the per- © 7
former's nervous syttem to: * ~

ensure automatically ‘that-

‘many details fall into ace. foe

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