ANTI-SEMITISM with Ame By JONATHAN PAINE LONDON A week or two ago, a young man asleep in bed in the little German town of Bad Reichen- hall, not far from Hitler’s eyrie at Berchtesgaden, was wakened by the police in the middle of the night. They yelled “Jew” at him and beat him up savagely. Bleeding profusely from the head, he was dragged off to jail and thrown into a cell. He was not charged. They just shouted “Jew” at him. : _ This incident, typical of many in Hitler’s heyday, is not an iso- lated, incident in the American zone of Germany today. In Oberammergau, where the famed passion plays have been revived and an ex-Nazi is cast in the role of Christ, a Jewish fam- ily of four was turned out of its one-room flat and run out of of town at two o’clock in the morning by a gang of young men and women headed by two uniformed policemen. In Munich, birthplace of the Nazi movement, a squad of Ger- man police, with drawn trunch- eons, charged a small group of Jewish men and women assem- bled in broad daylight outside _ their temporary synagogue. The official reason for the attack, issued a week after the event, stated that the 36 Jews had caused “obstruction.” Over 20 were injured and eye-wit- nesses told me that two jeep- loads of American police stood by. : In a tram in Frankfurt, capi- tal of Bizonia, a pregnant Jew- ish woman was kicked in the stomach, causing a miscarriage. American MP's who were called to the scene could find no wit- nesses and made no arrests. ’ In Landsberg, where Hitler wrote Mein Kampf in the secur- ity of the castle-prison, 25 Jew- “ish DP’s and German workers who had organized a left-wing Political group to protest against the failure of the American de- Nazification program, were at- tacked and beaten up by a large thob after coming from a meet- ing. * x All these occurred in the American zone of Germany dur- ing the past few weeks, and similar incidents are becoming more and more frequent. ~ Almost every American corre- Spondent stationed there today is aware of the facts, but, by a “Gentlemen's agreement” be- tween the American military * Nazi comeback made rican help Denazification, a total fail- ure under the Americans, has been a farce since the Ger- mans themselves were given charge of it. The special spru- chkammern, or investigation courts, which were set up to deal with denazification, have failed completely to weed out even the most flagrant offend- ers. . In Bavaria alone, a recent un- published survey taken by the American, Provost-Marshal’s of- fice showed that 87 percent of the lawyers, judges and police officials working today are old- time members of the Nazi party. Most Germans either laugh at or scorn the decisions of the spruchkammern. In a Munich denazification court I heard the decision in a case involving a German gen- eral, who revealed that he had been enrolled in the Nazi party since 1932 and had been a mem- ber of the SS since 1945. He was fined 25 marks and given a sus- pended sentence. » On the same day, in another court-room of the same building, a, Jewish, DP, who had been ar- rested for not giving a truck for a relief agency, was found guilty and fined 50 marks or two weeks in jail. Trial before a denazification court is the quickest way to free- dom for detained Nazis. But this is only a logical con- sequence of the carefree and careless American attitude. The Nazis are on the road back to power, aided and abetted by the American high command. The atitude of the American general staff in Germany is re- flected by the mass of American troops in the occupation force. The vast majority of the troops serving in Germany ‘are young, callow boys in their late teens and early twenties. They are learning ideology from Nazi- indoctrinated German _ girls, most of whom were fervent fol- lowers of Hitler. Talking with these young sol- diers, you find that they con- sider the Germans as allies in any future struggle. When they don’t blame the Jews the soldiers blame the Communists. The American newspaper Stars and Stripes and the American-controlled German press talk the same language. More than one Yank I talked to agreed with his girl friend that Hitler was right. We both have the same enemies — the Commies.” ¥ It is significant that young Germans are in the vanguard of government and the press, all reports of anti-Semitism, anid persecution of anti-Nazi demo- crats go unprinted. tS those attacking Jewish DP’s and German Communists in Western Germany. U.S. tries to shape East bloc LONDON The military hysteria mounting rapidly for the past few weeks— since the Stalin peace initiative— in the Western camp will come to a head very shortly in a concerted move from Washington, London, Cairo, Athens and Istanbul to form an “Eastern Mediterranean bloc,” all available evidence indicates. There are many signs, too, that the new plot against peace in the Middle Bast has been better co- ordinated and prepared than any of the similar efforts which pre- ceded it. Stalin’s peace initiative and the reaction to it of American public opinion produced something like a panic in top Labor government cir- cles who dread the mere idea of an American - Soviet rapprochement. They already had one foretaste of the consequences of American fickleness at the time of Bevin’s “little war’ with Israel last month, when the Americans mercilessly exploited the difficulties into which Britain had got on account of the breakdown of its Arab coalition against Israel. The subsequent daily vacillations of the American warmongers in the Washington discussions on Scan- dinavia’s participation in the Atlan- tic bloc merely strengthened this lesson and made establishment of an eastern Mediterranean bloc un- der British leadership more urg- ently desirable. The British government’s policy toward the Rhodes peace talks be- tween the Arabs and Jews under- went simultaneously a significant change, and its Transjordan pup- pet Abdullah was given the green light to attend them. Turkey and monarcho-fascist Greece have an integral part in the new scheme, whose details were discussed between Bevin and Turkish Forein Minister Sad- ak and Greek Premier Tsaldaris during recent visits to London. Sadak’s visit was mediately by execution of four Iraqui Communist leaders. Latest development in the plot is the announcement by the Egyp- tian foreign minister declaring sup- port for Tsaldaris’ proposal for a Mediterranean pact, coinciding with announcement of the discovery in Cairo of five “Communist cells” and wholesale arrests. Coinciding almost to the hour, martial law was declared through- out the whole of U.S.-dominated Tran, and the Turkish Foreign Min; ister announced that Turkish land, air and sea maneuvers have begun on both sides of the Bosphorus near the entrance to the Black Sea. The heads of the U.S. aid mission to Turkey and a large number of Am- ericans described as “observers and CONTRACTS SECURE WORKERS’ RIGHTS Life is better in the new Hungary : BUDAPEST An eight-hour working day, equal Pay for equal work, paid vacations Of up to 25 working days a year, no tax deductions, and many other penefits are features of the new col- ective contract signed between ungarian industry and trade Unions, i New norms are also to be estab- ished for all industrial workers. ne new collective contract lists © rights of workers. They in- clude: : : ¢ @| The worker pays no taxes; Ocial insurance and income tax ave both paid by the employer. 2 ® An eight-hour working day _ 4nd progressive rates for overtime. ath} Paid vacations of up to 25 orking days a year. @ Hight fully-paid holidays a eae of which seven are religious “y idays and the eighth is May ay. 3 @ Paid mealtime daily. ® Equal pay for equal work, and no differentiation in pay be- tween skilled and unskilled labor if both perform the same duties. @ Higher rates of pay for night work. : e. Free protective foods in dan- gerous industries. : @ Full facilities during preg- nancy, such as paid holidays be- fore, during and after childbirth. e Paid nursing time several times a day for mothers. e Nursery facilities, Such as creches. : e@ Low - priced factory meals, usually costing no more than one- third of one hour’s basic pay & meal. e Free or low-priced vacations in summer hostels. : @ Reduced railroad fares for vacations. : e Time, facilities and for vocational training. e@ Social, cultural and educa- tional facilities. ; The employer must provide full support experts” followed the maneuvers. facilities for workers to perform their duties; observe all safety measures; make full reports to workers’ meetings concerning pro- duction schedules and figures. He must facilitate development of ra- tionalization methods among work- ers; introduce piece rates where- ever possible, establish proper norms based on analysis of pro- duction, technical and human con- ditions. He also is requested to pay punctually and fully according to performance; introduce labor and time-saving devices; andi provide proper sanitary, social and cultural facilities for all workers. The new contract is the first of its type in Hungary. It was signed, for the frst time, directly between the trade unions and the ministry of industries, instead of, as last year, between individual employers represented by the ‘industrialists’ federation and the trade unions. Basic industries were not at that followed im-| Suicide mission The hollowness of the U.S. claim that ‘the Atlantic pact is a regional agreement within the meaning of the UN charter is ex- posed by American pressure on Norway and Denmark (which nominally controls strategic Greenland), both close neighbors of the USSR, to, join the alliance. in the 31 years since the Soviet The Scandinavian countries which, state was established, have had no cause to fear Soviet aggression, are now to be used as the (center) and. two aides leave the cussing the pact. front lines of the United States’ “cold war” against the USSR. (Above) Norwegian Ambassador Wilhelm Munthe de Morgenstierne U.S. state department after dis- many French the Matshall plan itself. steel priorities elsewhere. supply the shipyards. Under the Marshall plan, a new French refinery at Port de expected to give employment to ma A further Marshall plan result in the Marseilles area is a 20 per- cent cut in beer production, reduc- ing brewery jobs. The cause here was the importation and large-scale sale of Coca-Cola in Marseilles cafes. In the perfume industry, 50 per- cent of previously employed work- ers are now idle in Marseilles alone, . since this traditionally Frénch product now has to compete with imported U.S. brands. In Toulouse, a medium-sized in- dustrial city with 50,000 workers normally employed, a real depres- sion exists. In 1945 Toulouse gar- ment factories had 5,000 workers on a 48-hour week. Today only 2,000 are working a 25 to 32-hour week. Under the Marshall plan, both civi- lian. clothing and French army uni- forms, formerly made in Toulouse, are imported from the U.S. Aircraft plants in Toulouse have been reduced to turning out test models since the U.S. began to equip both civil air lines and mili- tary air forces in France. Even the munition plants in the cities, now employing 2,000, face a shut- down if standardization of French army equipment based on.U.S. sup- plies becomes a fact. Steel and coal industries in northeastern France are also be- ing hampered by U.S.-dictated Marshall plan arrangement. Un- der the plan, France gets finish- ed stee] rather than unfinished steel, which would provide jobs for French workers too. Similar- ly, French coal shortages are be- ing met by imports of U.S. coal instead of modern machinery that might increase French out- put. As a result, coal is expensive and French mining remains back- ward. If French mines had the new machines they need, they could produce plenty of coal at low prices. time nationalized. PACIFIC TRIBUNE — MARCH 18, 1949 — PAGE 3 Shipbuilding in Marseilles, for example, tons in the last three months because the The cut in French other industries too, causing cutbacks in many metal plants that normally controlled fields in the Middle East. With French industries increas- ingly antiquated and unable to face Marshall plan strangling industries By STEVE FLEISCHMAN —PARIS * Factory shutdowns, depressed wages and instability of employment are worse in France today than a year ago despite Marshall plan aid, this correspondent found in a survey of French industrial towns. In fact, a good many of these dislocations have been caused by was slashed 100,000 Marshall plan allocation of shipbuilding affected France imports oil products from U.S.- This has killed plans to build Bouc, near Marseilles, which was ny. ' German war plants using French metals PARIS. French iron ore, bauxite and semi-finished metals are being shipped to Germany for renewed production of tanks and aircraft there, the Metalworkers’ Council of the French General Federation of Labor (CGT) charges. The council protest cited big shipments to the former Her- mann Goering works in the Ruhr and the former Messerschmidt airplane works. It charged fur- ther that French metal factories, which should be producing peace- time goods for the population, have been diverted to arms man- ufacture “for the imperialists and against the interests of the French people.” The protest also called for an increase of output for peace use and “the economic and social im- provements which the nation so badly needs.” It urged ali work- ers to denounce the war trend in their factories and communi- ties, and to help organize a na- tionwide peace assembly. foreign competition, it is not sur- prising that French capital seeks investment abroad instead of at home. The Alais=Froges-Camorgore chemical trust, for instance, has shut down its two plants at Gren- oble, throwing 700 employees out of work. The same trust is now in- vesting in Argentina. This pattern repeats itself every- where in France, indicating to the French people that the Marshall plan aid program gives them nei- ther “aid” nor a real program to rebuild their economy.